Day: October 14, 2022

《Design, synthesis, and evaluation of substituted 2-acylamide-1,3-benzo[d]zole analogues as agents against MDR- and XDR-MTB》 was written by Li, Dongsheng; Liu, Chao; Jiang, Xinhai; Lin, Yuan; Zhang, Jing; Li, Yan; You, Xuefu; Jiang, Wei; Chen, Minghua; Xu, Yanni; Si, Shuyi. Reference of 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021. The article conveys some information:

N-(5-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxamide has been identified as a potent inhibitor of Mtb H37Rv, with a min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.42μM. In this study, a series of substituted 2-acylamide-1,3-zole analogs e.g., 4-methyl-N-(naphtho[1,2-d]oxazol-2-yl)-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxamide were designed and synthesized, and their anti-Mtb activities were analyzed. In total, some compounds were found to be potent anti-Mtb agents, especially against the MDR- and XDR-MTB strains, with MIC values < 10μM. These analogs can inhibit both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Mtb. Four representative compounds were selected for further profiling, and the results indicate that compound 4-methyl-N-(5-(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxamide is acceptably safe and has favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. In addition, this compound displays potent activity against Gram-pos. bacteria, with MIC values in the range of 1.48-11.86μM. The data obtained herein suggest that promising anti-Mtb candidates may be developed via structural modification, and that further research is needed to explore other compounds In the experiment, the researchers used 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide(cas: 31106-82-8Reference of 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide)

2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide(cas: 31106-82-8) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is widely used in the precursor to agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Also, it is used as an important reagent and organic solvent.Reference of 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Yin, Chengyang; Liu, Shuang; Qin, Zhaoxian; Zhang, Yifei; Li, Gao; Zhao, Zhen published their research in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2021. The article was titled 《Butterfly-Like Tetranuclear Copper(I) Clusters for Efficient Alkyne Homocoupling Reactions》.Application of 2510-22-7 The article contains the following contents:

In this work, we here prepare a new tetranuclear CuI cluster with a precise configuration of Cu4(PPh3)4(bis(prop-2-ynyloxy)biphenyl)2. X-ray single-crystal diffraction shows that the bi-alkynyl ligands bind to two Cu atoms via a σ-bond and to the other two Cu atoms via a π-bond configuration, presenting a new alkynyl-Cu motif and a butterfly-like framework. Cu4(PPh3)4L2 clusters exhibit photoluminescence property at 410 and 505 nm. Cu4(PPh3)4L2 clusters also give good performances in the alkyne homocoupling reactions after its immobilization on different oxides. The copper(I) species is proved to be the catalytic active site during the homocoupling reactions. And the basic property of the oxides (e. g. NiO) can promote the coupling catalysis, and a side-group effect of the alkyne reactants is distinctly observed In all, this study extends the catalytic application of the copper clusters to the carbon-carbon coupling reactions and gives some cue to develop the potential exploitation of copper clusters in other organic transformations. In addition to this study using 4-Ethynylpyridine, there are many other studies that have used 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Application of 2510-22-7) was used in this study.

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridines are often used as catalysts or reagents; particular notice has been paid recently to how pyridine coordinates to metal centers enabling a wide range of valuable reactions. Application of 2510-22-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kurose, Ayako; Ishida, Yuto; Hirata, Goki; Nishikata, Takashi published their research in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021. The article was titled 《Direct α-Tertiary Alkylations of Ketones in a Combined Copper-Organocatalyst System》.Product Details of 1122-54-9 The article contains the following contents:

Herein, we report an efficient method for the tertiary alkylation of a ketone by using an α-bromocarbonyl compound as the tertiary alkyl source in a combined Cu-organocatalyst system. This dual catalyst system enables the addition of a tertiary alkyl radical to an enamine. Mechanistic studies revealed that the catalytically generated enamine is a key intermediate in the catalytic cycle. The developed method can be used to synthesize substituted 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds containing quaternary carbons bearing various alkyl chains. The experimental process involved the reaction of 4-Acetylpyridine(cas: 1122-54-9Product Details of 1122-54-9)

4-Acetylpyridine(cas: 1122-54-9) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Product Details of 1122-54-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Madide, Thobeka; Somboro, Anou M.; Amoako, Daniel G.; Khumalo, Hezekiel M.; Khan, Rene B. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Di-2-picolylamine triggers caspase-independent apoptosis by inducing oxidative stress in human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells》, and you may find the article in Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry.Application of 1539-42-0 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The basis of this study was to determine the effects of DPA on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and elucidate the possible mechanisms. The methylthiazol tetrazolium assay served to measure cell viability and generated an IC50 of 1591μM. Luminometry was used to investigate caspase activity and ATP concentration It was observed that the decreased cell viability was associated with reduced ATP levels. Despite increased Bax and caspase 9 activity, cell death was caspase independent as indicated by the reduction in caspase 3/7 activity. This was associated with the downregulation poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage (Western blotting). However, the Hoescht assay depicted nuclear condensation and apoptotic body formation with elevated DPA levels suggesting DNA damage in HepG2 cells. DNA damage assessed by the comet assay confirmed an increased comet tail formation. The presence of oxidative stress was investigated by quantifying reactive species (malondialdehyde and nitrates concentration) and Western blotting to confirm the expression of antioxidant proteins. The DPA increased lipid peroxidation (RNS), a marker of oxidative stress, consequently causing cell death. The accompanying upregulation of stress-associated proteins superoxide dismutase (SOD2), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and Hsp70 verifies oxidative stress. In addition to this study using Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine, there are many other studies that have used Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0Application of 1539-42-0) was used in this study.

Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0) is a secondary amine with two picolyl substituents. As a tridentate ligand this compound provides three nitrogen donors that affords good selectivity for Zn2+ over biologically relevant metals such as Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and leaves coordination sites free for anion binding. Application of 1539-42-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Clarke, Coby J.; Morgan, Patrick J.; Hallett, Jason P.; Licence, Peter published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Linking the the Thermal and Electronic Properties of Functional Dicationic Salts with their Molecular Structures》, and you may find the article in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering.HPLC of Formula: 626-05-1 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The two major properties that underpin ionic liquids are tunability and the potential to create task-specific media. Together, these properties allow ionic liquids to surpass the roles long held by traditional mol. solvents. However, at elevated temperatures or under prolonged heating, the structural components that impart such properties decompose or degrade. Dicationic pyridine salts present new opportunities to extend functionality and tunability to high temperatures because they are coordinating and thermally robust. In this work, we present three structurally related series of dicationic pyridine salts, which have been characterized by a wide array of techniques to link thermal and electronic properties to structural variation. The phase transitions and thermal stabilities of the salts were significantly influenced by small structural changes, and several new candidates for high-temperature-based applications were identified. The electron d., and therefore the electron donating ability, of the pyridine functional group could also be controlled by structural variation of cations and anions. Therefore, dicationic pyridine salts are highly tunable choices for task-specific solvents at elevated temperatures Importantly, thermally robust solvents not only extend operational ranges but also reduce the need to replace or replenish solvents that degrade over time at temperatures commonly employed in industrial settings (i.e., 150-200°C); solvent lifetimes are extended, and production is reduced. This is a critical requirement for complex media such as ionic liquids, which have high economic and environmental production costs. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2,6-Dibromopyridine(cas: 626-05-1HPLC of Formula: 626-05-1)

2,6-Dibromopyridine(cas: 626-05-1) belongs to pyridine. When pyridine is adsorbed on oxide surfaces or in porous materials, the following species are commonly observed: (i) pyridine coordinated to Lewis acid sites, (ii) pyridine H-bonded to weakly acidic hydroxyls, and (iii) protonated pyridine. At high coverage, physisorbed pyridine and protonated dimers can also be observed.HPLC of Formula: 626-05-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Matern, Jonas; Baeumer, Nils; Fernandez, Gustavo published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Unraveling Halogen Effects in Supramolecular Polymerization》, and you may find the article in Journal of the American Chemical Society.SDS of cas: 2510-22-7 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Halogens play a crucial role in numerous natural processes and synthetic materials due to their unique physicochem. properties and the diverse interactions they can engage in. In the field of supramol. polymerization, however, halogen effects remain poorly understood, and investigations were restricted to halogen bonding or the inclusion of polyfluorinated side groups. Recent contributions from our group revealed that chlorine ligands greatly influence mol. packing and pathway complexity phenomena of various metal complexes. These results prompted us to explore the role of the halogen nature on supramol. polymerization, a phenomenon that remained unexplored to date. To address this issue, the authors designed a series of archetypal bispyridyldihalogen PtII complexes bearing chlorine (1), bromine (2), or iodine (3) and systematically compared their supramol. polymerization in nonpolar media using various exptl. methods and theory. The studies reveal a remarkably different supramol. polymerization for the three compounds, which can undergo two competing pathways with either slipped (kinetic) or parallel (thermodn.) mol. packing. The halogen exerts an inverse effect on the energetic levels of the two self-assembled states, resulting in a single thermodn. pathway for 3, a transient kinetic species for 2, and a hidden thermodn. state for 1. This seesaw-like bias of the energy landscape can be traced back to the involvement of the halogens in weak N-H···X hydrogen-bonding interactions in the kinetic pathway, whereas in the thermodn. pathway the halogens are not engaged in the stabilizing interaction motif but rather amplify solvophobic effects. After reading the article, we found that the author used 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7SDS of cas: 2510-22-7)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine derivatives lend themselves to many roles in the spirited field of supramolecular chemistry – whether as the ligand backbone of metal-organic polymers or presiding over the key electronic stations of nanodevices. In biochemistry, pyridine-containing cofactors are necessary nutrients on which our lives depend. SDS of cas: 2510-22-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Konda, Yesuraju; Ankireddy, Ashok Reddy; Velavalapalli, Vani Madhuri; Paidikondala, Kalyani; Pasula, Aparna; Gundla, Rambabu published an article in Russian Journal of General Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Synthesis, Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antibacterial Activities of the New Chiral (R)-3,3′-Disubstituted BINOL-Phosphates》.SDS of cas: 197958-29-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A new class of 3,3′-disubstituted chiral (R)-BINOL-derived phosphoric acid derivatives has been prepared The synthetic method has been optimized by involving Pd/C as a catalyst in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling using a non-protected BINOL derivative The target compounds have been characterized and tested for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and antibacterial activities.2-Pyridinylboronic acid(cas: 197958-29-5SDS of cas: 197958-29-5) was used in this study.

2-Pyridinylboronic acid(cas: 197958-29-5) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine’s structure is isoelectronic with that of benzene, but its properties are quite different. Pyridine is completely miscible with water, whereas benzene is only slightly soluble. Like all hydrocarbons, benzene is neutral (in the acid–base sense), but because of its nitrogen atom, pyridine is a weak base.SDS of cas: 197958-29-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Komaba, Kyoka; Nimori, Shigeki; Miyashita, Ryo; Kumai, Reiji; Goto, Hiromasa published an article in Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials. The title of the article was 《Hydroxypropyl cellulose/poly(aniline-co-pyridine-oxyl) as a liquid crystal polymer/polyradical blend with helical magnetic structure》.Computed Properties of C5H7N3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A helical magnetic polymer was synthesized by blending a polyradical and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), which is a helical liquid crystal. First, achiral m-linked poly(aniline-co-pyridine) was synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling, and poly(aniline-co-pyridine-oxyl) as a linear polyradical was then prepared by Tokumaru method. Helicity was induced in the linear polyradical simply by blending with HPC as a helical cholesteric liquid crystal. The magnetic properties of the polyradical and the HPC/polyradical blend composite were evaluated by performing ESR, superconducting quantum interference device, and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements, which revealed that the linear polyradical shows diamagnetism up to 5 K and the polymer bend exhibits weak diamagnetism at high temperature and paramagnetism at low temperature2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6Computed Properties of C5H7N3) was used in this study.

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.Computed Properties of C5H7N3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Formula: C7H5NIn 2020 ,《Double Rotors with Fluxional Axles: Domino Rotation and Azide-Alkyne Huisgen Cycloaddition Catalysis》 appeared in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The author of the article were Goswami, Abir; Schmittel, Michael. The article conveys some information:

The simple preparation of the multicomponent devices [Cu4(A)2]4+ and [Cu2(A)(B)]2+, both rotors with fluxional axles undergoing domino rotation, highlights the potential of self-sorting. The concept of domino rotation requires the interconversion of axle and rotator, allowing the spatiotemporal decoupling of two degenerate exchange processes in [Cu4(A)2]4+ occurring at 142 kHz. Addition of two equiv of B to rotor [Cu4(A)2]4+ afforded the heteromeric two-axle rotor [Cu2(A)(B)]2+ with two distinct exchange processes (64.0 kHz and 0.55 Hz). The motion requiring a pyridine→zinc porphyrin bond cleavage is 1.2 × 105 times faster than that operating via a terpyridine→[Cu(phenAr2)]+ rupture. Finally, both rotors are catalysts due to their copper(I) content. The fast domino rotor (142 kHz) was shown to suppress product inhibition in the catalysis of the azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Formula: C7H5N)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. The basicity and metallophilic high donor number of these π-deficient systems has long favored them as ligands in metal catalysis. The last decade saw pyridine assume a stronger role as functional group for directed C–H oxidation/activation.Formula: C7H5N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Safety of 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridineIn 2019 ,《Dehydrogenative Synthesis of 2,2′-Bipyridyls through Regioselective Pyridine Dimerization》 appeared in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The author of the article were Yamada, Shuya; Kaneda, Takeshi; Steib, Philip; Murakami, Kei; Itami, Kenichiro. The article conveys some information:

2,2′-Bipyridyls have been utilized as indispensable ligands in metal-catalyzed reactions. The most streamlined approach for the synthesis of 2,2′-bipyridyls is the dehydrogenative dimerization of unfunctionalized pyridine. Herein, we report on the palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenative synthesis of 2,2′-bipyridyl derivatives The Pd catalysis effectively works with an AgI salt as the oxidant in the presence of pivalic acid. A variety of pyridines regioselectively react at the C2-positions. This dimerization method is applicable for challenging substrates such as sterically hindered 3-substituted pyridines, where the pyridines regioselectively react at the C2-position. This reaction enables the concise synthesis of twisted 3,3′-disubstituted-2,2′-bipyridyls as an underdeveloped class of ligands. In addition to this study using 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, there are many other studies that have used 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 1134-35-6Safety of 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) was used in this study.

4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 1134-35-6) is used in the synthesis of a series of o-phenanthroline-substituted ruthenium(II) complexes.Safety of 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine Furthermore, 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine is used as a chemical Intermediate. It can be used for the determination of ferrous and cyanide compounds.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem