Day: December 1, 2022

Barraclough, Paul published the artcileInotropic ‘A’ ring substituted sulmazole and isomazole analogs, Category: pyridine-derivatives, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1990), 33(8), 2231-9, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A series of “A” ring substituted sulmazole I [R = 4-, 5-, 6-MeO, 5-NO₂, 5-Cl, 5-Me, 5-Ac; X = S, S(O), O] and isomazole analogs II [R = 2-, 5-, 6-MeO, 5-NH₂, 5-NO₂; X = S, S(O), O] were prepared and evaluated as inotropic agents. Thus, 5-methoxy-2,3-pyridinediamine was cyclized with 2-methoxy-4-(methylthio)benzoic acid to give I (R = 5-MeO, X = S), which was oxidized to give I [R = 5-MeO, X = S(O)]. PK_A‘s, protonation sites, and log P values were measured for selected compounds and their electronic properties were calculated No simple correlation between inotropic activity and pK_A, protonation site, or log P value was observed However, in vitro inotropism did correlate with the calculated charge d. of the “B” ring imidazo nitrogen atom. The 6-position of sulmazole appeared to be the most tolerant toward substituents, the 6-amino derivative I [R = 6-NH, X = S(O)] being a more potent inotrope than sulmazole itself. 4-Methoxyisomazole had comparable in vivo inotropic properties to those of isomazole.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 33631-04-8. 33631-04-8 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine,Ether, name is 2-Methoxypyridine-3,4-diamine, and the molecular formula is C6H9N3O, Category: pyridine-derivatives.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Romito, Deborah published the artcileNon-covalent bridging of bithiophenes through chalcogen bonding grips, Category: pyridine-derivatives, the publication is New Journal of Chemistry (2020), 44(17), 6732-6738, database is CAplus.

In this work, chalcogen functionalized dithiophenes, equipped on both extremities with chalcogen-bonding recognition heterocycles, have been prepared following two synthetic pathways. The insertion of the chalcogenazolo[5,4-β]pyridine allows the control of the organization at the solid state. X-Ray diffraction anal. of the single crystals, showed that the Te-doped derivatives give the most persistant assemblies, with the mols. arranging at solid-state in wire-like polymeric structures through Te···N interactions. As expected, the introduction of the Se and Te atoms, dramatically decreases the emission properties, with the Te-bearing congeners being virtually non emissive.

New Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 39856-58-1. 39856-58-1 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Pyridine,Bromide,Amine, name is 2-Bromopyridin-3-amine, and the molecular formula is C5H5BrN2, Category: pyridine-derivatives.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Hertog, Adriaan Den published the artcileThe action of some new aminopyridines on mammalian nonmyelinated nerve fibers, Application In Synthesis of 18437-58-6, the publication is European Journal of Pharmacology (1987), 142(1), 115-20, database is CAplus.

The effects of a recently synthesized series of aminopyridines (APs) 2-methyl-4-AP, 2-chloro-4-AP, and 2-(N,N-methylbenzyl)amino-4-AP (2A-7) on voltage-operated Na⁺ and K⁺ channels and on the Na⁺ pump activity of nonmyelinated fibers of the guinea-pig vagus nerve were studied with the sucrose-gap method. The compound action potential evoked by elec. stimulation and the propagation velocity along the nerve were not affected by 2-methyl-4-AP or 2-chloro-4-AP up to a concentration of 10^-3 M. The post-tetanic potential (PTH) evoked by repetitive stimulation of the nerve and reflecting Na⁺ pumping was also not affected by these agents. The amplitude and duration of the compound action potential were enhanced to some extent by 2-methyl-4-AP at the highest concentration used (3 × 10^-3 M); this action was also observed and was more pronounced with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). The other aminopyridine 2A-7 (3 × 10^-5-3 × 10^-4 M) caused suppression of the compound action potential, a diminished propagation velocity and a reduction of the PTH, an action also observed with lidocaine. These results show that 2-methyl-4-AP and 3-chloro-4-AP did not affect the voltage-operated Na⁺ or K⁺ channels in nonmyelinated fibers of the vagus nerve. Only 2-methyl-4-AP had a small 4-AP-like action at high concentrations The aminopyridine 2A-7 possesses a local anesthetic action as reflected by the inhibition of voltage-operated Na⁺ channels.

European Journal of Pharmacology published new progress about 18437-58-6. 18437-58-6 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Pyridine,Amine, name is 4-Amino-2-picoline, and the molecular formula is C6H8N2, Application In Synthesis of 18437-58-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Gawri, Rahul published the artcileThe anabolic effect of inorganic polyphosphate on chondrocytes is mediated by calcium signalling, Synthetic Route of 21829-25-4, the publication is Journal of Orthopaedic Research (2022), 40(2), 310-322, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) are polymers composed of phosphate residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. As polyP can bind calcium, the hypothesis of this study is that polyP enters chondrocytes and exerts its anabolic effect by calcium influx through calcium channels. PolyP treatment of cartilage tissue formed in 3D culture by bovine chondrocytes showed an increase in proteoglycan accumulation but only when calcium was also present at a concentration of 1.5 mM. This anabolic effect could be prevented by treatment with either ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid or the calcium channel inhibitors gadolinium and nifedipine. Calcium and polyP cotreatment of chondrocytes in monolayer culture resulted in calcium oscillations that were polyP chain length specific and were inhibited by gadolinium and nifedipine. The calcium influx resulted in increased gene expression of sox9, collagen type II, and aggrecan which was prevented by treatment with either calphostin, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and W7, an inhibitor of calmodulin; suggesting activation of the protein kinase C-calmodulin pathway. Tracing studies using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, Mitotracker Red, and/or Fura-AM staining showed that polyP was detected in the nucleus, mitochondria, and intracellular vacuoles suggesting that polyP may also enter the cell. PolyP colocalizes with calcium in mitochondria. This study demonstrates that polyP requires the influx of calcium to regulate chondrocyte matrix production, likely via activating calcium signaling. These findings identify the mechanism regulating the anabolic effect of polyP in chondrocytes which will help in its clin. translation into a therapeutic agent for cartilage repair.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research published new progress about 21829-25-4. 21829-25-4 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel,Calcium Channel, name is Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Synthetic Route of 21829-25-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Shaffer, David W. published the artcileSpin-state diversity in a series of Co(II) PNP pincer bromide complexes, Quality Control of 338800-13-8, the publication is Dalton Transactions (2016), 45(44), 17910-17917, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The authors describe the structural and electronic impacts of modifying the bridging atom in a family of Co(II) pincer complexes Co(t-Bu)₂P^EPy^EP(t-Bu)₂Br₂ (Py = pyridine, E = CH₂, NH, and O for compounds 1–3, resp.). Structural characterization by single crystal x-ray diffraction indicates that compounds 1 and 3 are 5-coordinate complexes with both bromides bound to the Co ion, while compound 2 is square planar with one bromide in the outer coordination sphere. The reduction potentials of 1–3, characterized by cyclic voltammetry, are consistent with the increasing electron-withdrawing character of the pincer ligand as the linker (E) between the pyridine and phosphine arms becomes more electroneg. Magnetic property studies of compounds 1 and 2 confirm high- and low-spin behavior, resp., through a broad temperature range. However, complex 3 features an unusual combination of high spin S = 3/2 Co(II) and temperature dependent spin-crossover between S = 3/2 and S = 1/2 states. The different magnetic behaviors observed among the three CoBr₂ pincer complexes reflects the importance of small ligand perturbations on overall coordination geometry and resulting spin state properties.

Dalton Transactions published new progress about 338800-13-8. 338800-13-8 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Bis-phosphine Ligands, name is 2,6-Bis((di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl)pyridine, and the molecular formula is C7H5ClN2S, Quality Control of 338800-13-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Reisenbauer, Julia C. published the artcileDevelopment of an Operationally Simple, Scalable, and HCN-Free Transfer Hydrocyanation Protocol Using an Air-Stable Nickel Precatalyst, Computed Properties of 91-02-1, the publication is Organic Process Research & Development (2022), 26(4), 1165-1173, database is CAplus.

Herein, HCN-free transfer hydrocyanation of alkenes and alkynes that employed com. available aliphatic nitriles R¹CC(CN)R¹ [R¹ = Ph, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-PhC₆H₄, etc.; R² = H; R¹R² = (CH₂)₆] and alkenyl nitriles R¹C=C(CN)R¹ [R¹ = nPr, nBu, SiMe₃ R² = nPr, nBu, Ph] as sacrificial HCN donors in combination with a catalytic amount of air-stable and inexpensive NiCl₂ as a precatalyst and a cocatalytic Lewis acid was reported. The scalability and robustness of the catalytic process were demonstrated by the hydrocyanation of α-methylstyrene on a 100 mmol scale (11.4 g of product obtained) using 1 mol % of the Ni catalyst. In addition, the feasibility of the dehydrocyanation protocol using the air-stable Ni(II) precatalyst and norbornadiene as a sacrificial acceptor was showcased by the selective conversion of an aliphatic nitrile into the corresponding alkene.

Organic Process Research & Development published new progress about 91-02-1. 91-02-1 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Pyridine,Benzene,Ketone, name is Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone, and the molecular formula is C12H9NO, Computed Properties of 91-02-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kolekar, Yuvraj A. published the artcilePd-Catalyzed Oxidative Aminocarbonylation of Arylboronic Acids with Unreactive Tertiary Amines via C-N Bond Activation, HPLC of Formula: 197958-29-5, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2021), 86(20), 14028-14035, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

An efficient synthesis of tertiary amides from aryl boronic acids and inert tertiary amines through the oxidative carbonylation via C(sp³)-N bond activation is presented. This protocol significantly restricts the homocoupling biarylketone product. It involves the use of a homogeneous PdCl₂/CuI catalyst and a heterogeneous Pd/C based catalyst, which promotes C(sp³)-N bond activation of tertiary amines with aryl boronic acids. This process represents a ligand-free, base-free, and recyclable catalyst along with an ideal oxidant like mol. oxygen.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 197958-29-5. 197958-29-5 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Pyridine,Boronic acid and ester, name is 2-Pyridinylboronic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H6BNO2, HPLC of Formula: 197958-29-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Banks, R. Eric published the artcileN-Fluoropyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 1-fluoro-2,4,6-trimethoxy-1,3,5-triazinium hexafluoroantimonate: the first experimental determination of the F-N⁺ bond length involving sp² nitrogen, Safety of 1-Fluoropyridiniumtriflate, the publication is Acta Crystallographica, Section C: Crystal Structure Communications (2003), C59(4), m141-m143, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The crystal structures of N-fluoropyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (I) and 1-fluoro-2,4,6-trimethoxy-1,3,5-triazinium hexafluoroantimonate (II) were determined I is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c, with a 6.027(2), b 12.901(4), c 12.490(3) Å, β 103.96(3)°; Z = 4, d_c = 1.742; R = 0.045, R_w(F²) = 0.149 for 1658 reflections. II is monoclinic, space group P2₁/n, with a 7.616(2), b 11.843(3), c 14.924(3) Å, β 97.43(2)°; Z = 4, d_c = 2.119; R = 0.034, R_w(F²) = 0.071 for 2335 reflections. The N-F bond lengths in I, a known electrophilic fluorinating agent, and its novel analog II are 1.357(4) and 1.354(4) Å, resp.

Acta Crystallographica, Section C: Crystal Structure Communications published new progress about 107263-95-6. 107263-95-6 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Fluorination reagent, name is 1-Fluoropyridiniumtriflate, and the molecular formula is C6H5F4NO3S, Safety of 1-Fluoropyridiniumtriflate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Gentile, Gabriella published the artcileIdentification of 2-(4-pyridyl)thienopyridinones as GSK-3β inhibitors, HPLC of Formula: 612845-44-0, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2011), 21(16), 4823-4827, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The discovery of a novel series of 2-(4-pyridyl)thienopyridinone GSK-3β inhibitors is reported. X-ray crystallog. reveals its binding mode and enables rationalization of the SAR. The initial optimization of the template for improved cellular activity and predicted CNS penetration is also presented.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about 612845-44-0. 612845-44-0 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Pyridine,Boronic acid and ester,Ether,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is (6-Ethoxypyridin-3-yl)boronic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H10BNO3, HPLC of Formula: 612845-44-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Lazcano-Perez, Fernando published the artcileA Sea Anemone Lebrunia neglecta Venom Fraction Decreases Boar Sperm Cells Capacitation: Possible Involvement of HVA Calcium Channels, Computed Properties of 21829-25-4, the publication is Toxins (2022), 14(4), 261, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Sea anemones produce venoms characterized by a complex mixture of low mol. weight compounds, proteins and peptides acting on voltage-gated ion channels. Mammal sperm cells, like neurons, are characterized by their ion channels. Calcium channels seem to be implicated in pivotal roles such as motility and capacitation. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a low mol. weight fraction from the venom of the sea anemone Lebrunia neglecta on boar sperm cells and in HVA calcium channels from rat chromaffin cells. Spermatozoa viability seemed unaffected by the fraction whereas motility and sperm capacitation were notoriously impaired. The sea anemone fraction inhibited the HVA calcium current with partial recovery and no changes in chromaffin cells’ current kinetics and current-voltage relationship. These findings might be relevant to the pharmacol. characterization of cnidarian venoms and toxins on voltage-gated calcium channels.

Toxins published new progress about 21829-25-4. 21829-25-4 belongs to pyridine-derivatives, auxiliary class Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel,Calcium Channel, name is Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Computed Properties of 21829-25-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridine,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem