Month: December 2022

Regioselective cyanation of pyridine 1-oxides with trimethylsilanecarbonitrile: a modified Reissert-Henze reaction was written by Fife, Wilmer K.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1983.Application of 1620-76-4 This article mentions the following:

Pyridine 1-oxide and its 2- and 4-Me derivatives are converted in nearly quant. yield to the corresponding 2-pyridinecarbonitrile by treatment with equivalent amounts of Me₃SiCN and Me₂NCOCl in CH₂Cl₂. Similarly, 3-methylpyridine 1-oxide is converted to a mixture of 3-methyl-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (90%) and 5-methyl-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (5%). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Application of 1620-76-4).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Application of 1620-76-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Palladium catalyzed ligand-free Suzuki reaction in polyethylene glycol/H₂O was written by Li, Xin-min;Chen, Zheng-jun;Hu, Qing-hong;Zhang, Yu-ting;Wang, Zheng-qin;Yuan, Ze-li. And the article was included in Huaxue Shiji in 2018.SDS of cas: 4373-61-9 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of 0.3 mol% Pd(OAc)₂ and 70 mol% K₂CO₃, various hetero/aryl bromides could couple efficiently with aryl boronic acids in aqueous polyethylene glycol to afford biaryl products with excellent yields. This protocol shows tolerance to a diverse array of functionalized aryl bromides and boronic acids, and the highest biaryl product yield up to 98%. The absence of phosphine ligands and a large amount of base made the work-up process easier in this protocol. Moreover, this method allows the preparation of the core intermediate of valsartan in gram quantities with good yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9SDS of cas: 4373-61-9).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.SDS of cas: 4373-61-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Discovery of Novel Piperidinylthiazole Derivatives As Broad-Spectrum Fungicidal Candidates was written by Wu, Qifan;Zhao, Bin;Fan, Zhijin;Guo, Xiaofeng;Yang, Dongyan;Zhang, Nailou;Yu, Bin;Zhou, Shuang;Zhao, Jiabao;Chen, Fan. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2019.Quality Control of tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Oxathiapiprolin is one of the best active fungicides discovered for oomycetes control. To develop a fungicide candidate with a broad spectrum of activity, 22 new piperidinylthiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. Compound (I) showed the best activity against Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. et Curt.) Rostov and Phytophthora infestans in vivo with 100% and 80% of inhibition, resp., at 1 mg/L, and 72.87% of field efficacy against P. cubensis at 1 g ai/667 m² validated these results. Compound (II) exhibited a broad spectrum of excellent activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with EC₅₀ = 0.30 mg/L (>10 times more active than oxathiapiprolin and azoxystrobin in vitro), good activity against Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora arachidicola, and Gibberella zeae with EC₅₀ of 14.54, 5.57, and 14.03 mg/L in vitro and against P. cubensis and P. infestans with 60% and 30% inhibition rates, resp., at 1 mg/L in vivo. Mode of action studies by RNA sequencing anal. discovered oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP), chitin synthase (CHS1), and (1,3)-β-glucan synthase (FKS2) as the potent target of II against S. sclerotiorum. Quenching studies validated that OSBP was the same target of both II and oxathiapiprolin; it was quenched by both of them. Our studies discovered isothiazole-containing piperidinylthiazole as an OSBP target-based novel lead for fungicide development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1Quality Control of tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate).

tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Quality Control of tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Structural, Luminescent, and Magnetic Properties of Three Novel Three-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Hexadentate N,N’-bis(4-picolinoyl)hydrazine was written by Fang, Zhen-Lan;Yu, Rong-Min;He, Jian-Gang;Zhang, Qi-Sheng;Zhao, Zhen-Guo;Lu, Can-Zhong. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2009.COA of Formula: C12H8N4O This article mentions the following:

Three novel microporous three-dimensional (3-D) metal-organic framework materials [ML]_n [M = Ni (I); M = Co (II), M = Cd (III); L = N,N’-bis(4-picolinoyl)hydrazine] were obtained from hydrothermal reactions. The organic ligand L was formed through the in situ ring-opening hydrolysis reaction of 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole with the assistance of metal ions. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction studies reveal that complexes I, II, and III adopt 6-connected 3-dimensional networks of distorted α-Po topol., which are built from noninterpenetrated (4,4) grids cross-linked by zigzag chains. These isomorphic complexes are all of high thermal stability, but some other phys. properties are quite different because of their different metal centers. Antiferromagnetic exchange was observed between the Ni(II) centers of I, while ferromagnetic exchange was observed for the Co(II) centers of II. III exhibits strong fluorescence emission. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7COA of Formula: C12H8N4O).

2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.COA of Formula: C12H8N4O

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Fullerene soot and a fullerene nanodispersion as recyclable heterogeneous off-the-shelf photocatalysts was written by Jozeliunaite, Augustina;Valceckas, Domantas;Orentas, Edvinas. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2021.SDS of cas: 626-64-2 This article mentions the following:

In this report a comparative study which aims to evaluate the use of unmodified fullerene soot and a fullerene nanodispersion as non-soluble and quasi-soluble carbon-based photocatalysts, resp., for sulfide oxidation and other transformations using oxygen as an oxidant in ethanol was presented. A wide range of sulfoxides were successfully prepared with good yields and chemoselectivity using a very low catalyst loading. The fullerene soot photocatalyst was easily recovered and shows excellent stability of the catalytic properties. The reaction was shown to proceed via a singlet oxygen pathway and has a high selectivity for aliphatic sulfides, whereas the oxidation of thioanisoles can be accomplished using an amine mediated electron transfer mechanism. The applicability of the fullerene nanodispersion as a general purpose photocatalyst was demonstrated in radical cyclization, boronic acid oxidation and imine formation reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2SDS of cas: 626-64-2).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.SDS of cas: 626-64-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of N-Heterocycles-Fused Azasilines by Palladium-Catalyzed Si-Si Bond Activation was written by Noel-Duchesneau, Ludovik;Maddaluno, Jacques;Durandetti, Muriel. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2019.COA of Formula: C10H13BrN2O2 This article mentions the following:

Azasilines fused nitrogen heterocycles are prepared in excellent yields (from 74 to 98 % according to the structures) for the first time in one operation with high regio- and stereoselectivities. The key step consists of an intramol. palladium-catalyzed cyclization reaction of heteroaryl disilane cores, bearing double or triple bond. We first studied the reactivity of pyridyl heterocycles, using xylenes as solvent and Pd(dba)₂-P(OEt)₃ as catalyst at 130°. The Z configuration of the adducts suggested that the reaction proceeds following a syn addition on the alkyne. This strategy has then been illustrated by the synthesis of complex polyheterocyclic scaffolds (phenothiazine, indole, carbazole, quinoline and tetrahydroquinoline) starting from other nitrogen heteroaryl compounds, to demonstrate the potential of the process, in order to obtain promising biol. scaffolds. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (3-bromopyridin-4-yl)carbamate (cas: 257937-08-9COA of Formula: C10H13BrN2O2).

tert-Butyl (3-bromopyridin-4-yl)carbamate (cas: 257937-08-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.COA of Formula: C10H13BrN2O2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rhodium-catalyzed ortho-heteroarylation of phenols: directing group-enabled switching of the electronic bias for heteroaromatic coupling partner was written by Wu, Yimin;Li, Wei;Jiang, Linfeng;Zhang, Luoqiang;Lan, Jingbo;You, Jingsong. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2018.Reference of 4783-68-0 This article mentions the following:

A conception of directing group enabled-switching of the electronic bias for coupling partner from the electron-deficient to electron-rich heteroarene, demonstrating that the modification of the directing group may match the latent reactivity of heteroarene substrates caused by the distinctly different electronic nature was reported. A Rh(III)-catalyzed ortho-heteroarylation of phenols with greatly important electron-rich heteroarenes such as benzothiophene, benzofuran, thiophene, furan and pyrrole via two-fold C-H activation was developed, which presented broad substrate scopes of both phenols and electron-rich heteroarenes and showed the advantage of tolerance of reactive functional groups, especially halogen. This work also provided a new strategy for the construction of π-conjugated furan-fused heteroacenes prevalent in materials science in dramatically simplified procedures, which makes the protocol highly applicable. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Reference of 4783-68-0).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Reference of 4783-68-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Intermolecular, redox-neutral azidoarylation of alkenes via photoredox catalysis was written by Chen, Jian;Zhu, Shengqing;Qin, Jian;Chu, Lingling. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2019.Computed Properties of C6H3FN2 This article mentions the following:

An intermol., redox-neutral azidoarylation of alkenes with pyridines and TMSN₃ was reported via visible light-induced photoredox catalysis. This protocol utilized a radical addition/radical coupling sequence, allowing for facile and regioselective installation of versatile β-azido pyridines under redox-neutral and mild conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Fluoroisonicotinonitrile (cas: 3939-14-8Computed Properties of C6H3FN2).

2-Fluoroisonicotinonitrile (cas: 3939-14-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Computed Properties of C6H3FN2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Halogen-metal exchange on bromoheterocyclics with substituents containing an acidic proton via formation of a magnesium intermediate was written by Tian, Qingqiang;Shang, Suqin;Wang, Huajun;Shi, Guoqiang;Li, Zhiyao;Yuan, Jianyong. And the article was included in Molecules in 2017.Quality Control of 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine This article mentions the following:

A selective and practical bromine-metal exchange on bromoheterocyclics bearing substituents with an acidic proton under non-cryogenic conditions was developed by a simple modification of an existing protocol. This protocol used a combination of i-PrMgCl and n-BuLi was not only solved the problem of intermol. quenching that often occurred when using alkyl lithium alone as the reagent for halogen-lithium exchange, but also offered a highly selective method for performing bromo-metal exchange on dibrominated arene compounds through chelation effect. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine (cas: 13472-81-6Quality Control of 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine).

3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine (cas: 13472-81-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Quality Control of 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of C-H Bonds with Diaryliodonium Salts was written by Gao, Pan;Guo, Wei;Xue, Jingjing;Zhao, Yue;Yuan, Yu;Xia, Yuanzhi;Shi, Zhuangzhi. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2015.Formula: C8H11N This article mentions the following:

By developing a new Ir(III)-catalyzed C-C cross-coupling, a versatile method for direct arylation of sp² and sp³ C-H bonds in ketoximes, nitrogen-containing heterocycles, various arenes, and olefins has been established. The key to this arylation depends on the appropriate choice of catalyst and the use of diaryliodonium triflate salts as the coupling partners. This transformation has good functional group compatibility and can serve as a powerful synthetic tool for late-stage C-H arylation of complex compounds Mechanistic studies by d. functional theory calculations suggested that the sp³ C-H activation was realized by a triflate-involved concerted metalation-deprotonation process, and the following oxidation of Ir(III) to Ir(V) is the most favorable when a bistriflimide is contained in the diaryliodonium salt. Calculations indicated that both steps are enabled by initial anion exchange between the reactant complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Formula: C8H11N).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Formula: C8H11N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem