Day: January 6, 2023

Graphene oxide grafted with Pd₁₇Se₁₅ nano-particles generated from a single source precursor as a recyclable and efficient catalyst for C-O coupling in O-arylation at room temperature was written by Joshi, Hemant;Sharma, Kamal Nayan;Sharma, Alpesh K.;Prakash, Om;Singh, Ajai Kumar. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2013.SDS of cas: 4783-68-0 This article mentions the following:

The Pd₁₇Se₁₅ nanoparticles, synthesized for the first time from a single source precursor [Pd(L)Cl₂] {L = 1,3-bis(phenylselenyl)propan-2-ol} and grafted onto graphene oxide, show high catalytic activity in C-O coupling between aryl/heteroaryl chlorides/bromides and phenol at room temperature (Pd loading 1 mol%; yield up to 94%). Pd(L)Cl₂ was characterized by x-ray crystallog., and was found to be catalytically inactive on its own. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0SDS of cas: 4783-68-0).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.SDS of cas: 4783-68-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Inhibition of Cancer-Associated Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenases: Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Selective Antitumor Activity was written by Liu, Zhen;Yao, Yuan;Kogiso, Mari;Zheng, Baisong;Deng, Lisheng;Qiu, Jihui J.;Dong, Shuo;Lv, Hua;Gallo, James M.;Li, Xiao-Nan;Song, Yongcheng. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.Recommanded Product: 717843-51-1 This article mentions the following:

Mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are frequently found in certain cancers such as glioma. Different from the wild-type (WT) IDH1, the mutant enzymes catalyze the reduction of α-ketoglutaric acid to D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid (D2HG), leading to cancer initiation. Several 1-hydroxypyridin-2-one compounds were identified to be inhibitors of IDH1(R132H). A total of 61 derivatives were synthesized, and their structure-activity relationships were investigated. Potent IDH1(R132H) inhibitors were identified with K_i values as low as 140 nM, while they possess weak or no activity against WT IDH1. Activities of selected compounds against IDH1(R132C) were found to be correlated with their inhibitory activities against IDH1(R132H), as well as cellular production of D2HG, with R² of 0.83 and 0.73, resp. Several inhibitors, e.g., I, were found to be permeable through the blood-brain barrier in a cell-based model assay and exhibit potent and selective activity (EC₅₀ = 0.26-1.8 μM) against glioma cells with the IDH1 R132H mutation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridine (cas: 717843-51-1Recommanded Product: 717843-51-1).

3-Bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridine (cas: 717843-51-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Recommanded Product: 717843-51-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Design and Synthesis of 56 Shape-Diverse 3D Fragments was written by Downes, Thomas D.;Jones, S. Paul;Klein, Hanna F.;Wheldon, Mary C.;Atobe, Masakazu;Bond, Paul S.;Firth, James D.;Chan, Ngai S.;Waddelove, Laura;Hubbard, Roderick E.;Blakemore, David C.;De Fusco, Claudia;Roughley, Stephen D.;Vidler, Lewis R.;Whatton, Maria Ann;Woolford, Alison J.-A.;Wrigley, Gail L.;O’Brien, Peter. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2020.Product Details of 59718-84-2 This article mentions the following:

Fragment screening collections were often predominantly populated with flat, 2D mols. A workflow for the design and synthesis of 56 3D disubstituted pyrrolidine and piperidine fragments that occupy under-represented areas of fragment space (as demonstrated by a principal moments of inertia (PMI) anal.) was described. A key, and unique, underpinning design feature of this fragment collection was that assessment of fragment shape and conformational diversity (by considering conformations up to 1.5 kcal mol^-1 above the energy of the global min. energy conformer) was carried out prior to synthesis and was also used to select targets for synthesis. The 3D fragments were designed to contain suitable synthetic handles for future fragment elaboration. Finally, by comparing our 3D fragments with six com. libraries, it was clear that our collection was high three-dimensionality and shape diversity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-methylpicolinate (cas: 59718-84-2Product Details of 59718-84-2).

Methyl 3-methylpicolinate (cas: 59718-84-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Product Details of 59718-84-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Switching the reactivity of cyanomethylpyridinium salts in the 1,3-cycloaddition conditions with alkyl propiolates to cyanoindolizines or cyanoazaindolizinyl-indolizines was written by Moise, Iuliana-Monica;Ghinet, Alina;Shova, Sergiu;Bicu, Elena. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2020.Reference of 17281-59-3 This article mentions the following:

A particular reactivity of 1-cyanomethylpyridinium salts was revealed in the [3 + 2] cycloaddition conditions with alkyl propiolates. Cyanoindolizines I [R = H, 7-Me, 7-OMe, etc.] were obtained in reactions carried out at room temperature while refluxing in CH₃CN provided unexpected Et or Me 3-(3-cyanoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)indolizine-1-carboxylates II. The structure of the new 2:1 azaindolizine-indolizine adducts was secured by X-ray anal. Methodol. efforts had enabled the adjustment of the reactivity towards the formation of 3-cyanoindolizines I or cyanoazaindolizine-indolizines II. A mechanism for the formation of azaindolizine-indolizines was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3Reference of 17281-59-3).

1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Reference of 17281-59-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of 2-ethylisonicotinic thioamide was written by Kucherova, N. F.;Khomutov, R. M.;Budovskii, E. I.;Evdakov, V. P.;Kochetkov, N. K.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii in 1959.Related Products of 156761-88-5 This article mentions the following:

2-ethylpyridine was added 558 ml. AcO₂H solution in AcOH (containing 54.7 g. AcO₂H and stabilized with 5.5 g. H₂SO₄) at 70-80°. On the following day the mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the sirupy N-oxide was taken up in 112 ml. H₂SO₄ and added to 136 ml. HNO₃ (d. 1.51) and 75 ml. H₂SO₄, heated 1.5-2 hrs. at 100°, left overnight, then poured on ice and neutralized with NH₄OH. Extraction with Et₂O gave 49% 2-ethyl-4-nitropyridine N-oxide, m. 94-6°. This refluxed (with stirring) 8 hrs. with Fe filings and AcOH-H₂SO₄ gave, after the usual treatment, 89% 2-ethyl-4-aminopyridine (I), b_4-5 128-30°; HCl salt m. 54-6°. The amine (15.4 g.) in 40 ml. 50% HBr was treated with 13 ml. Br at -5°, followed by 21.6 g. NANO₂ in 31 ml. H₂O, stirred 0.5 hr., treated with 47 g. NaOH in 50 ml. H₂O at 20-5° and extracted with Et₂O; the extract gave 90% 2-ethyl-4-bromopyridine (II), b₃₀ 97-8°. I (14 g.) in 300 ml. concentrated HCl was saturated with dry HCl at -20°, then treated with 43 g. powd. NaNO₂ and kept overnight; after concentration and treatment with 40% NaOH, the mass was extracted with Et₂O, yielding 86% 2-ethyl-4-chloropyridine, b_18-19 76-8°; HCl salt m. 179-80°. Heating 21 g. II with 10 g. Cu₂(CN)₂ 1 hr. at 160-70° gave 73% 2-ethylisonicotinonitrile, b₂₉ 106-10°. This (11 g.) in 11 ml. pyridine and 8.7 g. Et₃N was saturated with H₂S (1 hr.) and quenched in H₂O, yielding 87% 2-ethylisonicotinic thioamide, m. 163-4° (from EtOH); HCl salt m. 212-4°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-2-ethylpyridine (cas: 156761-88-5Related Products of 156761-88-5).

4-Bromo-2-ethylpyridine (cas: 156761-88-5) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Related Products of 156761-88-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Diastereoselective and E/Z-Selective Synthesis of Functionalized Quinolizine Scaffolds via the Dearomative Annulation of 2-Pyridylacetates with Nitroenynes was written by Ni, Qijian;Xu, Fangfang;Song, Xiaoxiao. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 917023-06-4 This article mentions the following:

An organocatalytic Michael/aza-Michael cascade reaction was developed to build the functionalized quinolizine scaffolds I (R = H; R¹ = H, Cl, Br, Me; R² = H, Cl, Me; R³ = H, Br; RR¹ = -CH=CH-CH=CH-; R²R³ = -CH=CH-CH=CH-; R⁴ = CN, COOMe, COOn-Bu, etc.; R⁵ = pentyl, Ph, thiophen-3-yl, etc.; Ar = 3-methylphenyl, 2-naphthyl, thien-2-yl, etc.) in 60-82% yields, excellent diastereoselectivities, and E/Z selectivities. This protocol involves the [3 + 3] annulations of 2-pyridylacetates II with nitroenynes ArCH=C(NO₂)CCR⁵ through the dearomative strategy in the presence of an organic base under mild conditions. The versatile late-stage derivatizations further demonstrated the synthetic utility of this methodol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetate (cas: 917023-06-4HPLC of Formula: 917023-06-4).

Methyl 2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetate (cas: 917023-06-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.HPLC of Formula: 917023-06-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Bis(2,5-di-4-pyridyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole)silver(I) nitrate monohydrate was written by Zhang, Zhi-Hui;Li, Cheng-Peng;Tian, Yi-Ling;Guo, Ya-Mei. And the article was included in Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Structure Reports Online in 2007.Recommanded Product: 15420-02-7 This article mentions the following:

In the title mononuclear complex, [Ag(C₁₂H₈N₄O)₂]NO₃·H₂O, the Ag^I ion is coordinated linearly by two pyridyl N atoms from two crystallog. independent monodentate 2,5-di-4-pyridyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (4-bpo) ligands. The asym. unit contains one nitrate anion and one solvent H₂O mol. In the crystal structure, nitrate anions connect to Ag^I ions via weak Ag···O interactions [Ag···O = 2.836(3) Å] and to two symmetry-related solvent H₂O mols. via O-H···O H bonds, to afford a 1-dimensional herring-bone-like motif along [100]. Significant π-π stacking interactions [Cg···Cg = 3.614(2)-3.721(2) Å, where Cg is the centroid of a pyridyl or oxadiazole ring] are also found between two adjacent 1-dimensional motifs, resulting in a double-strand supramol. array. Crystallog. data and at. coordinates are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7Recommanded Product: 15420-02-7).

2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Recommanded Product: 15420-02-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

2,5- and 5,6-Dihalonicotinic acids and their precursors. II was written by Setliff, Frank L.;Rankin, Gary O.. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data in 1972.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

2-Chloro- and 2-bromo-5-fluoronicotinic acid and 6-chloro- and 6-bromo-5-fluoronicotinic acid were prepared (25-68%) by oxidation of dihalo-3-picolines. Spectral data for the acids, two of the dihalopicolines, and their amino-halo precursors was determined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-5-fluoro-3-methylpyridine (cas: 38186-85-5Category: pyridine-derivatives).

2-Bromo-5-fluoro-3-methylpyridine (cas: 38186-85-5) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Development of Chemical Entities Endowed with Potent Fast-Killing Properties against Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Parasites was written by Matralis, Alexios N.;Malik, Adnan;Penzo, Maria;Moreno, Inmaculada;Almela, Maria J.;Camino, Isabel;Crespo, Benigno;Saadeddin, Anas;Ghidelli-Disse, Sonja;Rueda, Lourdes;Calderon, Felix;Osborne, Simon A.;Drewes, Gerard;Boesche, Markus;Fernandez-Alvaro, Elena;Martin Hernando, Jose Ignacio;Baker, David A.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Formula: C11H20N2O2S This article mentions the following:

One of the attractive properties of artemisinins is their extremely fast-killing capability, quickly relieving malaria symptoms. Nevertheless, the unique benefits of these medicines are now compromised by the prolonged parasite clearance times and the increasing frequency of treatment failures, attributed to the increased tolerance of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin. This emerging artemisinin resistance threatens to undermine the effectiveness of antimalarial combination therapies. Herein, we describe the medicinal chem. efforts focused on a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitor scaffold, leading to the identification of novel chem. entities with very potent, similar to artemisinins, fast-killing potency against asexual blood stages that cause disease, and activity against gametocyte activation that is required for transmission. Furthermore, we confirm that selective PKG inhibitors have a slow speed of kill, while chemoproteomic anal. suggests for the first time serine/arginine protein kinase 2 (SRPK2) targeting as a novel strategy for developing antimalarial compounds with extremely fast-killing properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1Formula: C11H20N2O2S).

tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Formula: C11H20N2O2S

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pd(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Polycyclic Cyclohexenediones: Conjugate Addition versus Oxidative Heck was written by Lamb, Claire J. C.;Vilela, Filipe;Lee, Ai-Lan. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

Pd(II)-catalyzed desymmetrization of polycyclic cyclohexenediones has been achieved with high enantio- and diastereoselectivities. Up to five contiguous stereocenters are desymmetrized, while simultaneously, an addnl. stereocenter is created by the enantioselective conjugate addition Surprisingly, the conjugate addition products dominate even under typical oxidative Heck conditions, and these observations may provide some insight into the competition between the two related reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (cas: 1257527-14-2Category: pyridine-derivatives).

(S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (cas: 1257527-14-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem