Day: February 6, 2023

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 2,6-disubstituted pyridine derivatives as inhibitors of β-amyloid-42 aggregation was written by Kroth, Heiko;Sreenivasachary, Nampally;Hamel, Anne;Benderitter, Pascal;Varisco, Yvan;Giriens, Valerie;Paganetti, Paolo;Froestl, Wolfgang;Pfeifer, Andrea;Muhs, Andreas. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2016.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

It is assumed that amyloid-β aggregation is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Novel 2,6-disubstituted pyridine derivatives were designed to interact with the β-sheet conformation of Aβ via donor-acceptor-donor hydrogen bond formation. A series of pyridine derivatives, e.g., I•3HCl, were synthesized and tested regarding their potential to inhibit the aggregation of Aβ. The 2,6-diaminopyridine moiety was identified as a key component to inhibit Aβ aggregation. Overall, compounds having three 2,6-disubstituted pyridine units separated by at least one C2- or C3-linker displayed the most potent inhibition of Aβ aggregation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 205676-84-2Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 205676-84-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of some substituted methyl pyridinecarboxylates. II. Methyl 4-substituted picolinates, methyl 5-substituted picolinates, and methyl 5-substituted nicotinates was written by Deady, L. W.;Shanks, R. A.;Campbell, Arthur Derek;Chooi, S. Y.. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1971.Application of 24103-75-1 This article mentions the following:

The preparation of substituted Me pyridinecarboxylates is described. Me 4-X-substituted picolinates and methyl 5-X-substituted picolinates (X = NO2, Br, MeO, Me2N) are prepared from 2-picoline via 4-nitro-2-picoline N-oxide and 2-amino-5-nitropyridine, resp. Me 5-X-substituted nicotinates (X = Br, MeO, Me2N) are prepared from 5-bromonicotinic acid. Preparations of Me 4-methylpicolinate and Me 5-methylnicotinate from the corresponding lutidines and Me 5-methylpicolinate from 2-amino-5-methylpyridine are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methoxy-2-methylpyridine (cas: 24103-75-1Application of 24103-75-1).

4-Methoxy-2-methylpyridine (cas: 24103-75-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Application of 24103-75-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Design and evaluation of novel 8-oxo-pyridopyrimidine Jak1/2 inhibitors was written by Labadie, Sharada;Barrett, Kathy;Blair, Wade S.;Chang, Christine;Deshmukh, Gauri;Eigenbrot, Charles;Gibbons, Paul;Johnson, Adam;Kenny, Jane R.;Kohli, Pawan Bir;Liimatta, Marya;Lupardus, Patrick J.;Shia, Steven;Steffek, Micah;Ubhayakar, Savita;Abbema, Anne van;Zak, Mark. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2013.Computed Properties of C10H13ClN2O2 This article mentions the following:

A highly ligand efficient, novel 8-oxo-pyridopyrimidine containing inhibitor of Jak1 and Jak2 isoforms with a pyridone moiety as the hinge-binding motif was discovered. Structure-based design strategies were applied to significantly improve enzyme potency and the polarity of the mol. was adjusted to gain cellular activity. The crystal structures of two representative inhibitors bound to Jak1 were obtained to enable SAR exploration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (cas: 209798-48-1Computed Properties of C10H13ClN2O2).

(2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (cas: 209798-48-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Computed Properties of C10H13ClN2O2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Structure-toxicity analyses of Tetrahymena pyriformis exposed to pyridines – an examination into extension of surface-response domains was written by Seward, J. R.;Cronin, M. T. D.;Schultz, T. W.. And the article was included in SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research in 2001.COA of Formula: C6H6N2O3 This article mentions the following:

A selection of mechanistically diverse substituted pyridines were tested in the Tetrahymena pyriformis population growth impairment assay. The response-surface approach was used to derive multiple-regression type structure-toxicity relationships between T. pyriformis population growth impairment toxicity data (log (IGC₅₀^-1)) and the 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (log K_ow) and one of two different descriptors of MO interaction: energy of the LUMO (E_LUMO) and maximum acceptor superdelocalizability (S_MAX). A statistically robust model (log (IGC₅₀^-1) = -3.91+0.50 (log K_ow) + 10.70(S_MAX); n = 83, r² = 0.756, s = 0.38, F = 124, Pr > F = 0.0001) was developed with S_MAX as the indicator of reactivity. This model was not statistically different in fit from the model (log (IGC₅₀^-1) = -1.19+0.56 (log K_ow) – 0.61 (E_LUMO); n = 86, r² = 0.749, s = 0.38, F = 124, Pr > F = 0.0001) derived using the alternative descriptor of electrophilic interaction. Compounds with high residual values were removed. An examination of these outliers from both response-surfaces, revealed that pyridines substituted in the 2-position with electron-releasing groups and halogenated nitro-substituted pyridines did not fit the above models well. A third group of outliers, the mono-halogenated pyridines, was unique to the S_MAX response-surface, which are neutral narcotics with potentially high volatility. A comparison of observed and predicted toxicities for a validation set of pyridines for the S_MAX surface (log (observed IGC₅₀^-1) = 0.10+0.75 (log (predicted IGC₅₀^-1)); n = 10, r² = 0.662, s = 0.49, F = 15.7, Pr > F = 0.004) and the E_LUMO surface (log (observed IGC₅₀^-1) = 0.17+0.80 (log (predicted IGC₅₀^-1)); n = 10, r² = 0.707, s = 0.45, F = 19.3, Pr > F = 0.002) validated the above models, with the fit in the same range as the parent model. The model derived with S_MAX was compared to the response-surface derived for substituted benzenes (log (IGC₅₀^-1) = -3.47+0.50 (log K_ow) + 9.85(S_MAX); n = 197, r² = 0.816, s = 0.34, F = 429, Pr > F = 0.0001) revealing the similarities in slope and intercept between the two response-surfaces. The model fit was poorer for the pyridine surface, which may be a factor of increased reactivity due to the presence of nitrogen and the associated pair of unshared electrons in the ring not present in benzene. However, the similarity of the pyridine and benzene response-surfaces suggests that the domain defined for benzenes may be extended to encompass nitrogen heterocyclic pyridines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2COA of Formula: C6H6N2O3).

3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.COA of Formula: C6H6N2O3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Effects of the Cationic Structure on the Adsorption Performance of Ionic Polymers toward Au(III): an Experimental and DFT Study was written by Kou, Xin;Ma, Yutian;Pan, Congming;Huang, Yong;Duan, Yulai;Yang, Ying. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2022.Related Products of 628-13-7 This article mentions the following:

Ionic polymers have been proven to be promising adsorbents in recovering Au(III) due to their advantages of simple synthesis and high adsorption efficiency. However, the unclarity of the relationship between the adsorption ability of ionic polymers and their cationic structures hinders further optimization of their adsorption performance. This study synthesized a series of ionic polymers with pyridinium, imidazolium, piperidinium, pyrrolidinium, and triethylammonium cations to discover the effects of the cationic structure on their adsorption properties. Exptl. results show that the existence of anion-π interaction between aromatic cations and [AuCl₄]^– makes the aromatic cations-anion interaction stronger, which does not enhance the adsorption performance of the aromatic-based ionic polymer. This is due to the charge delocalization in the aromatic ring, resulting in a lower electrostatic potential (ESP) of aromatic cations than that of aliphatic cations with a localized charge. The higher the ESP of cations, the better the adsorption performance of the corresponding ionic polymer. This study serves as a deep understanding of the cationic structure-adsorptive performance relationship of the ionic polymer at the mol. level and further provides a theor. guidance to optimize the adsorption performance of ionic polymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Related Products of 628-13-7).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Related Products of 628-13-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of 2-pyridinamines and their alkyl derivatives from 2-cyanopyridines was written by Dai, Liyan;Fang, Jun;Wang, Xiaozhong;Chen, Yingqi. And the article was included in Huagong Xuebao (Chinese Edition) in 2007.Computed Properties of C7H6N2 This article mentions the following:

The preparation of a series of 2-pyridinamines and their alkyl derivatives is described. The target compounds are synthesized starting from corresponding 2-cyanopyridines, via incomplete hydrolysis in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in the dilute alk. mixture of acetone-2% sodium hydroxide solution, and Hoffmann degradation reaction with freshly made NaBrO. This route is of industrial value because of cheap and readily available materials, moderate reaction conditions and convenient operations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Computed Properties of C7H6N2).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Computed Properties of C7H6N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Thermoresponsive functional polymers based on 2,6-diaminopyridine motif with tunable UCST behaviour in water/alcohol mixtures was written by Asadujjaman, Asad;Ahmadi, Vahid;Yalcin, Meral;ten Brummelhuis, Niels;Bertin, Annabelle. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2017.Application of 1075-62-3 This article mentions the following:

2,6-Diaminopyridine based functional polymers poly(N-(6-aminopyridin-2-yl)acrylamide) (PNAPAAm) and poly(N-(6-acetamidopyridin-2-yl)acrylamide) (PNAcAPAAm) were synthesized via free radical polymerization and in addition PNAcAPAAm was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization for comparison. The obtained polymers displayed upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type reversible thermoresponsiveness in water/alc. mixtures The UCST phase transition behavior of the obtained functional polymers was studied using temperature dependent turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering and ¹H-NMR measurements. The phase transition temperature of the polymers was tunable by varying either the concentration of the polymer solution, the nature of the alc. or the composition of the solvent mixture The cloud point temperature of PNAcAPAAm was found to decrease with increasing alc. content (MeOH, EtOH and iPrOH) in water/alc. mixtures Past a critical amount of EtOH or iso-PrOH in water, the cloud point temperature of PNAcAPAAm increased upon further addition of EtOH or iso-PrOH. Such functional polymers with tunable UCST behavior can be applicable in drug delivery, sensing, personal care and microfluidic applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3Application of 1075-62-3).

N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Application of 1075-62-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Cross-Coupling of Azinecarboxylates with Arylboronic Acids was written by Muto, Kei;Hatakeyama, Taito;Itami, Kenichiro;Yamaguchi, Junichiro. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2016.Application In Synthesis of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine This article mentions the following:

The first palladium-catalyzed decarbonylative coupling of Ph 2-azinecarboxylates and arylboronic acids is presented. The key for the development of this decarbonylative coupling is the use of Pd/dcype as a catalyst. A wide range of 2-azinecarboxylates can undergo the present coupling reaction to afford 2-arylazines. By combination with previously reported nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative coupling, we achieved a chemoselective sequential decarbonylative coupling of pyridinedicarboxylate to synthesize 2,4-diarylpyridine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Application In Synthesis of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Application In Synthesis of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis and characterization of binuclear half-sandwich metal (Co, Ir and Ru) complexes containing ancillary ortho-carborane-1,2-dithiolato ligands was written by Liu, Shuang;Zhang, Jiasheng;Wang, Xin;Jin, Guo-Xin. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2006.HPLC of Formula: 15420-02-7 This article mentions the following:

Pyrazine-, 4,4′-bipyridine-, 1,2-ethenediylbis-4,4′-pyridine-, 2,5-bis(4-pyridinyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-bridged binuclear half-sandwich Co, Ir and Ru o-carborane-1,2-dithiolates were prepared by reacting of the corresponding monomeric η⁵-C₅Me₅– (for Co and Ir) and η⁶-p-cymene (for Ru) dithiolates with the heterocyclic bidentate ligands. The prepared complexes are soluble and air-stable. The complexes [[(p-cymene)Ru[S₂C₂(B₁₀H₁₀)]]₂(μ-pyrazine-κN¹κN⁴)] (4), [[Cp^*Co[S₂C₂(B₁₀H₁₀)]]₂(μ-pyrazine-κN¹κN⁴)] (5), [[Cp^*Co[S₂C₂(B₁₀H₁₀)]]₂(μ-4,4′-bipyridine)] (6), [Cp^*Co[S₂C₂(B₁₀H₁₀)]]₂(μ-bpe) (7, bpe = 4-C₅H₄NCH:CHC₅H₄N-4) and [[Cp^*Ir[E₂C₂(B₁₀H₁₀)]]₂(μ-bpo)] [8a,b; E = S, Se; bpo = 2,5-bis(4-pyridinyl-κN)-1,3,4-oxadiazole], in which organometallic units are bridged by pyridyl-based organic linkers, were prepared The crystal structures of 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7HPLC of Formula: 15420-02-7).

2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.HPLC of Formula: 15420-02-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Photo-reversibility of cinnamylidene acetic acid derived crosslinks in poly(ε-caprolactone) networks was written by Stoermann, Florian;Wischke, Christian;Lendlein, Andreas. And the article was included in MRS Online Proceedings Library in 2015.Safety of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide This article mentions the following:

Photoswitchable polymeric materials comprise moieties that undergo light-induced chem. reactions or conformational alteration. The reversibility of photo-responsive mol. switches has an influence on material functions observed on the macroscopic level such as reversibility of shape switching, especially with regard to the number of cycles. Cinnamylidene acetic acid (CAA) has received attention due to its reversible dimerization by [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions. In the present study, possible side-reactions during photo-scission of the CAA dimers as netpoints in poly(ε-caprolactone) based materials were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC and ¹H, ¹H-COSY. Liberation of fluorescent fragments, which have their origin in the various dimer structures, could only be found in small amounts, while a non-identified species seems to be generated during dimerization and photo-scission. The results furthermore suggest that CAA-based switches in PCL-networks do not provide full reversibility of netpoint formation under the examined conditions, due to non-selective side-reactions, which could lead to an attenuation of the macroscopic effect in multiple photo-cycles. In perspective, the design of CAA derivatives with enhanced photo-reversibility should be targeted. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4Safety of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide).

1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Safety of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem