《Molecular Insights Into Di(2-Picolyl) Amine-Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Human Kidney (HEK293) Cells》 was published in International Journal of Toxicology in 2020. These research results belong to Satyo, Lindelwa; Amoako, Daniel G.; Somboro, Anou M.; Sosibo, Sphelele C.; Kumalo, Hezekiel M.; Mhlongo, Ndumiso N.; Khan, Rene B.. Category: pyridine-derivatives The article mentions the following:
Di(2-picolyl) amine (DPA) is a pyridine derivative known to chelate metal ions and thus has potential anticancer properties; however, its effect on normal cells remains unchartered necessitating further research. This study, therefore, investigated the mechanistic effects of DPA-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in the HEK293 cell line. Methods required that an half the maximum inhibition concentration (IC50) was derived using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Analyses aimed to assess oxidative stress, membrane damage, and DNA fragmentation by means of biochem. assays were performed. Luminometry anal. was carried out to understand the mechanism of apoptosis induction by determining the levels of ATP and the activities of caspase-8, -9, and -3/7. An IC50 of 1,079μM DPA was obtained. Antioxidant effect correlated with a min. increase in reactive oxygen species induced lipid peroxidation. The increase in initiator caspase-8 and -9 and executioner caspase-3/7 activities by DPA-induced apoptosis albeit prompting a decline in the levels of ATP. Furthermore, DPA brought about the following consequences on HEK293 cells: markedly elevated tail lengths of the comets, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 cleavage, and apoptotic body formation observed in the late stages. The cytotoxic effects of DPA in HEK293 cells may be mediated by induction of apoptosis via the caspase-dependent mechanism. In addition to this study using Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine, there are many other studies that have used Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0Category: pyridine-derivatives) was used in this study.
Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0) is a secondary amine with two picolyl substituents. As a tridentate ligand this compound provides three nitrogen donors that affords good selectivity for Zn2+ over biologically relevant metals such as Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and leaves coordination sites free for anion binding. Category: pyridine-derivatives