In 2014,Wagner, Patrick; Bollenbach, Maud; Doebelin, Christelle; Bihel, Frederic; Bourguignon, Jean-Jacques; Salome, Christophe; Schmitt, Martine published 《t-BuXPhos: a highly efficient ligand for Buchwald-Hartwig coupling in water》.Green Chemistry published the findings.Electric Literature of C5H3BrClN The information in the text is summarized as follows:
An efficient and versatile ‘green’ catalytic system for the Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction in water is reported. In an aqueous micellar medium, the combination of t-BuXPhos with [(cinnamyl)PdCl]2 showed excellent performance for coupling of aryl bromides or chlorides with a large set of amines, amides, ureas, and carbamates. The method is functional-group tolerant, proceeds smoothly (30 to 50 °C), and provides rapid access to the target compounds in good to excellent isolated yields. When applied to the synthesis of a known NaV1.8 modulator, this method led to a significant improvement of the E-factor in comparison with classical organic synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-2-chloropyridine(cas: 53939-30-3Electric Literature of C5H3BrClN)
5-Bromo-2-chloropyridine(cas: 53939-30-3) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine’s structure is isoelectronic with that of benzene, but its properties are quite different. Pyridine is completely miscible with water, whereas benzene is only slightly soluble. Like all hydrocarbons, benzene is neutral (in the acid–base sense), but because of its nitrogen atom, pyridine is a weak base.Electric Literature of C5H3BrClN