One-carbon metabolism in children with marasmus and kwashiorkor was written by May, Thaddaeus;de la Haye, Bethany;Nord, Gabrielle;Klatt, Kevin;Stephenson, Kevin;Adams, Sara;Bollinger, Lucy;Hanchard, Neil;Arning, Erland;Bottiglieri, Teodoro;Maleta, Kenneth;Manary, Mark;Jahoor, Farook. And the article was included in EBioMedicine in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Kwashiorkor is a childhood syndrome of edematous malnutrition. Its precise nutritional precipitants remain uncertain despite nine decades of study. Remarkably, kwashiorkors disturbances resemble the effects of exptl. diets that are deficient in one-carbon nutrients. This similarity suggests that kwashiorkor may represent a nutritionally mediated syndrome of acute one-carbon metabolism dysfunction. Here we report findings from a cross-sectional exploration of serum one-carbon metabolites in Malawian children. Blood was collected from children aged 12-60 mo before nutritional rehabilitation: kwashiorkor (N = 94), marasmic-kwashiorkor (N = 43) marasmus (N = 118), moderate acute malnutrition (N = 56) and controls (N = 46). Serum concentrations of 16 one-carbon metabolites were quantified using LC/MS techniques, and then compared across participant groups. Twelve of 16 measured one-carbon metabolites differed significantly between participant groups. Measured outputs of one-carbon metabolism, asym. dimethylarginine (ADMA) and cysteine, were lower in marasmic-kwashiorkor (median μmol/L (± SD): 0·549 (± 0·217) P = 0·00045 & 90 (± 40) P < 0·0001, resp.) and kwashiorkor (0·557 (± 0·195) P < 0·0001 & 115 (± 50) P < 0·0001), relative to marasmus (0·698 (± 0·212) & 153 (± 42)). ADMA and cysteine were well correlated with methionine in both kwashiorkor and marasmic-kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor and marasmic-kwashiorkor were distinguished by evidence of one-carbon metabolism dysfunction. Correlative observations suggest that methionine deficiency drives this dysfunction, which is implicated in the syndromes pathogenesis. The hypothesis that kwashiorkor can be prevented by fortifying low quality diets with methionine, along with nutrients that support efficient methionine use, such as choline, requires further investigation. The Hickey Family Foundation, the American College of Gastroenterol., the NICHD, and the USDA/ARS. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Application In Synthesis of (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate).
(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Application In Synthesis of (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate