Category: 123-03-5

Anderson, Enyia R.; Patterson, Edward I.; Richards, Siobhan; Pitol, Ana K.; Edwards, Thomas; Wooding, Dominic; Buist, Kate; Green, Alison; Mukherjee, Sayandip; Hoptroff, Michael; Hughes, Grant L. published the artcile< CPC-containing oral rinses inactivate SARS-CoV-2 variants and are active in the presence of human saliva>, Safety of 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride, the main research area is cetyl pyridinium chloride oral saliva mouthwashe SARS CoV2; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; mouthwash; oral hygiene; saliva.

The importance of human saliva in aerosol-based transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is now widely recognized. However, little is known about the efficacy of virucidal mouthwash formulations against emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and in the presence of saliva. Mouthwashes containing virucidal actives will have similar inactivation effects against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and will retain efficacy in the presence of human saliva. To examine in vitro efficacy of mouthwash formulations to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 variants. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 variants by mouthwash formulations in the presence or absence of human saliva was assayed using ASTM International Standard E1052-20 methodol. Appropriately formulated mouthwashes containing 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride but not 0.2% chlorhexidine completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (USA-WA1/2020, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta) up to the limit of detection in suspension assays. Tests using USA-WA1/2020 indicates that efficacy is maintained in the presence of human saliva. Together these data suggest cetylpyridinium chloride-based mouthwashes are effective at inactivating SARS-CoV-2 variants. This indicates potential to reduce viral load in the oral cavity and mitigate transmission via salivary aerosols.

Journal of Medical Microbiology published new progress about Aerosols. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Safety of 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pulcini, Alberto; Bollain, Juan; Sanz-Sanchez, Ignacio; Figuero, Elena; Alonso, Bettina; Sanz, Mariano; Herrera, David published the artcile< Clinical effects of the adjunctive use of a 0.03% chlorhexidine and 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in the management of peri-implant diseases: A randomized clinical trial>, Safety of 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride, the main research area is Campylobacter Prevotella preimplant disease chlorhexidine cetylpyridium; chlorhexidine; dental implant; mouth rinse; peri-implant diseases; peri-implant mucositis.

To evaluate the efficacy of a 0.03% chlorhexidine and 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse, as an adjunct to professionally and patient-administered mech. plaque removal, in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (PiM). Patients displaying PiM in, at least, one implant were included in this randomized, double-blinded, clin. trial. Subjects received professional prophylaxis (baseline and 6 mo) and were instructed to regular oral hygiene practices and to rinse, twice daily, with the test or placebo mouth rinses, during one year. Clin., radiog. and microbiol. outcomes were evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 mo. Disease resolution was defined as absence of bleeding on probing (BOP). Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA, Students t and chi-square tests. Fifty-four patients were included and 46 attended the final visit (22 in control and 24 in test group). In the test group, there was a 24.49% greater reduction in BOP at the buccal sites (95% confidence interval [3.65-45.34%]; p = 0.002) than in controls. About 58.3% of test implants and 50% controls showed healthy peri-implant tissues at final visit (p > 0.05). The use of the test mouth rinse demonstrated some adjunctive benefits in the treatment of PiM. Complete disease resolution could not be achieved in every case.

Journal of Clinical Periodontology published new progress about Campylobacter (rectus). 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Safety of 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Wu, Shijian; Mohammadigoushki, Hadi published the artcile< Linear versus branched: flow of a wormlike micellar fluid past a falling sphere>, Quality Control of 123-03-5, the main research area is linear branched microstructure micellar fluid flow falling sphere.

We report experiments on flow of wormlike micellar solutions past a falling sphere. By increasing the salt-to-surfactant concentration ratio, and beyond a viscosity peak, wormlike micelles experience a transition from linear to branched microstructure. Two viscoelastic wormlike micelles with salt to surfactant concentrations on each side of the viscosity peak are considered. Our results indicate three significant differences in flows of branched and linear micelles. First, while the sphere drag correction factor rapidly decreases upon increasing Weissenberg number in linear micelles, it shows an apparent local maximum at Wi ≈ 3 in branched micelles. Second, despite its high viscoelasticity, the time-averaged flow of branched micelles around the falling sphere exhibits a fore-and-aft symmetry, while a strong neg. wake is observed in linear micelles at relatively weaker flows. Third, branched micelles exhibit a stronger flow-induced birefringence than linear micelles in an otherwise identical condition. Our hypothesis is that subject to strong flows around the falling sphere, branched micelles can relax much more efficiently than linear wormlike micelles through sliding of the branched junctions. This addnl. stress relaxation mechanism may facilitate micellar orientation, produce a marginal sphere drag reduction and a Newtonian-like flow profile around the falling sphere. Finally, unsteady flow is observed in both linear and branched micellar solutions beyond some critical thresholds of the extensional Weissenber number Our results corroborate a recently proposed criterion for onset of instability in flow of wormlike micelles past a falling sphere, thereby, suggesting that micellar branching does not affect the mechanism of flow instability.

Soft Matter published new progress about Dimensionless number, Weissenberg. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Quality Control of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Carrouel, F.; Goncalves, L. S.; Conte, M. P.; Campus, G.; Fisher, J.; Fraticelli, L.; Gadea-Deschamps, E.; Ottolenghi, L.; Bourgeois, D. published the artcile< Antiviral Activity of Reagents in Mouth Rinses against SARS-CoV-2>, Computed Properties of 123-03-5, the main research area is antiviral activity reagent mouth rinses against SARSCoV2 review; COVID-19; clinical trial; mouthwashes; oral; saliva; viral load.

A review. The oral cavity, an essential part of the upper aerodigestive tract, is believed to play an important role in the pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The identification of targeted antiviral mouth rinses to reduce salivary viral load would contribute to reducing the COVID-19 pandemic. While awaiting the results of significant clin. studies, which to date do not exist, the com. availability of mouth rinses leads us to search among them for reagents that would have specific antiviral properties with respect to SARS-CoV-2. The challenges facing this target were examined for 7 reagents found in com. available mouth rinses and listed on the ClinicalTrials.gov website: povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, cyclodextrin, Citrox, cetylpyridinium chloride, and essential oils. Because SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus, many reagents target the outer lipid membrane. Moreover, some of them can act on the capsid by denaturing proteins. Until now, there has been no scientific evidence to recommend mouth rinses with an anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect to control the viral load in the oral cavity. This critical review indicates that current knowledge of these reagents would likely improve trends in salivary viral load status. This finding is a strong sign to encourage clin. research for which quality protocols are already available in the literature.

Journal of Dental Research published new progress about Antiviral agents. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Computed Properties of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Hopkins, Cameron C.; Haward, Simon J.; Shen, Amy Q. published the artcile< Upstream wall vortices in viscoelastic flow past a cylinder>, SDS of cas: 123-03-5, the main research area is cetylpyridinium chloride sodium salicylate viscoelastic flow rheol property.

We report a novel inertia-less, elastic flow instability for a viscoelastic, shear-thinning wormlike micellar solution flowing past a microcylinder in a channel with blockage ratio BR = 2R/W = 0.5 and aspect ratio α = H/W ≈5, where R ∼ 100μm is the cylinder radius, W is the channel width, and H is the channel height. The instability manifests upstream of the cylinder and changes form with increasing Weissenberg number over the range 0.5 ≤ Wi = Uλ/R ≤ 900, where U is the average flow velocity and λ is the terminal relaxation time of the fluid. Beyond a first critical Wi, the instability begins as a bending of the streamlines near the upstream pole of the cylinder that breaks the symmetry of the flow. Beyond a second critical Wi, small, time-steady, and approx. sym. wall-attached vortices form upstream of the cylinder. Beyond a third critical Wi, the flow becomes time dependent and pulses with a characteristic frequency commensurate with the breakage timescale of the wormlike micelles. This is accompanied by a breaking of the symmetry of the wall-attached vortices, where one vortex becomes considerably larger than the other. Finally, beyond a fourth critical Wi, a vortex forms attached to the upstream pole of the cylinder whose length fluctuates in time. The flow is highly time dependent, and the cylinder-attached vortex and wall-attached vortices compete dynamically for space and time in the channel. Our results add to the rapidly growing understanding of viscoelastic flow instabilities in microfluidic geometries.

Soft Matter published new progress about Dynamic viscosity. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, SDS of cas: 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kanno, Sanae; Hirano, Seishiro; Kato, Hideaki; Fukuta, Mamiko; Mukai, Toshiji; Aoki, Yasuhiro published the artcile< Benzalkonium chloride and cetylpyridinium chloride induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and alter surface activity of pulmonary surfactant monolayers.>, SDS of cas: 123-03-5, the main research area is lung epithelial cell benzalkonium cetylpyridinium chloride apoptosis; A549 alveolar epithelial cell; Apoptosis; Langmuir-blodgett monolayer; Pulmonary surfactant; Quaternary ammonium disinfectant; Surface pressure/trough area isotherm.

To examine whether BAC and CPC aerosols deposited in the alveolar region alter pulmonary function, we studied the effects on pulmonary surfactant using two-step in vitro models; cytotoxicity using A549 alveolar epithelial cell and changes in surface activity of the pulmonary surfactant monolayer using both Surfacten and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). Cell viability was decreased with BAC and CPC dose-dependently. A comparison of cytotoxicity among BAC homologues with different length of alkyl chain showed that C16-BAC, which has the longest alkyl chain, was more cytotoxic than C12- or C14-BAC. Caspase-3/7 activity and cleaved form of caspase-3 and PARP were increased in BAC- and CPC-exposed cells. The elevated caspase-3/7 activity and their cleaved active forms were abolished by caspase-3-inhibitor. The collapse pressure diminished with increasing concentration of CPC. Topog. images indicated that BAC and CPC resulted in smaller condensed lipid domains compared to the control. Conversely, PC without hydrocarbon tail group, showed no cytotoxicity and did not change the isotherms and AFM images. These results indicate that BAC and CPC cause cell death via caspase-3-dependent apoptotic pathway in A549 cells and alter the alveolar surfactant activity. These effects can be attributed to the long alkyl chain of BAC and CPC.

Chemico-Biological Interactions published new progress about Apoptosis. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, SDS of cas: 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kang, Ji-Hoon; Park, Jun-Beom; Song, Kyung Bin published the artcile< Inhibitory activities of quaternary ammonium surfactants against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on spinach leaves>, Application of C21H38ClN, the main research area is Escherichia Salmonella Listeria quaternary ammonium surfactant disinfection food safety.

Antimicrobial activities of quaternary ammonium surfactants (QAS) have been reported, but the effects of various QAS on the disinfection of foodborne pathogens on fresh produce have not been compared. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the most effective QAS to be used as a disinfectant for fresh produce to replace chlorine-based sanitizers through comparison of inhibitory activities of the various QAS (benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium bromide) against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on spinach leaves. Among the QAS used in this study, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) exhibited maximum inhibitory activity because of its high pos. ζ-potential value (67.23 mV), resulting in 3.33, 3.28, and 4.54 log-reductions against E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes, resp. The microbial count reductions by CPC were higher than those obtained by NaOCl treatment at 80 mg/L. The CPC treatment produced fewer injured cells than NaOCl treatment. In addition, CPC treatment did not alter the surface color and weight loss of spinach samples during storage. Thus, these results suggest that CPC could be used as an effective sanitizer to improve the microbial safety of spinach leaves.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Escherichia coli. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Application of C21H38ClN.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Izzo, Francesco; Mercurio, Mariano; de Gennaro, Bruno; Aprea, Paolo; Cappelletti, Piergiulio; Dakovic, Aleksandra; Germinario, Chiara; Grifa, Celestino; Smiljanic, Danijela; Langella, Alessio published the artcile< Surface modified natural zeolites (SMNZs) as nanocomposite versatile materials for health and environment>, COA of Formula: C21H38ClN, the main research area is zeolite nanocomposite ibuprofen sodium salt drug release surface modification; Bayesian information criterion; Emerging contaminant; Ibuprofen; NSAID; Nižný hrabovec; Non-linear regression; Sips; Surfactant; Toth; Zeolite.

The present research deals with the evaluation of a clinoptilolite-rich rock, occurring in the Nizny ‘Hrabovec deposit (Slovakia), for high-value technol. applications based on sorption and in vitro release of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., ibuprofen sodium salt). This georesource was surface modified (SMNZ) using four cationic surfactants. Results demonstrate that ibuprofen sorption is very fast and SMZNs can sorb up to ~26 mg/g of drug as a function of the type of counterion and morphol. of surfactant, as well as the hydrophobicity and mol. structure of the drug. Maximum sorption capacities observed for all SMNZs are fully comparable to other adsorbent carriers usually used for removal of contaminants in wastewaters. Sorption of ibuprofen is controlled by a dual mechanism: external anionic exchange and partition into the hydrophobic portion of the patchy bilayer. A prompt drug release in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) was also observed, making this natural material also suitable to provide rapid soothing effects in potential pharmacol. applications. Comparing the results of this study with other recent investigations, a good technol. performance of clinoptilolite-rich rock can be inferred despite the relatively low zeolite content (~56 weight%).

Colloids and Surfaces, B: Biointerfaces published new progress about Adsorption. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, COA of Formula: C21H38ClN.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Anderson, Enyia R.; Patterson, Edward I.; Richards, Siobhan; Pitol, Ana K.; Edwards, Thomas; Wooding, Dominic; Buist, Kate; Green, Alison; Mukherjee, Sayandip; Hoptroff, Michael; Hughes, Grant L. published the artcile< CPC-containing oral rinses inactivate SARS-CoV-2 variants and are active in the presence of human saliva>, Reference of 123-03-5, the main research area is SARS CoV2 cetylpyridinium chloride chlorhexidine digluconate saliva aerosol mouthwash; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; mouthwash; oral hygiene; saliva.

The importance of human saliva in aerosol-based transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is now widely recognized. However, little is known about the efficacy of virucidal mouthwash formulations against emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and in the presence of saliva. Hypothesis. Mouthwashes containing virucidal actives will have similar inactivation effects against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and will retain efficacy in the presence of human saliva. To examine in vitro efficacy of mouthwash formulations to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 variants. Methodol. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 variants by mouthwash formulations in the presence or absence of human saliva was assayed using ASTM International Standard E1052-20 methodol. Appropriately formulated mouthwashes containing 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride but not 0.2% chlorhexidine completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (USA-WA1/2020, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta) up to the limit of detection in suspension assays. Tests using USA-WA1/2020 indicates that efficacy is maintained in the presence of human saliva. Together these data suggest cetylpyridinium chloride-based mouthwashes are effective at inactivating SARS-CoV-2 variants. This indicates potential to reduce viral load in the oral cavity and mitigate transmission via salivary aerosols.

Journal of Medical Microbiology published new progress about Antiviral agents. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Reference of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Mateos-Moreno, M. V.; Mira, A.; Ausina-Marquez, V.; Ferrer, M. D. published the artcile< Oral antiseptics against coronavirus: in-vitro and clinical evidence>, Quality Control of 123-03-5, the main research area is review povidone iodine cetylpyridinium chloride antiseptic mouthwash COVID19 SARSCoV2; COVID-19; Coronaviruses; Oral antiseptics; Oral rinse; SARS-CoV-2.

A review. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2, so ACE2-expressing cells can act as target cells and are susceptible to infection. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in the oral cavity, so this may be a potential high-risk route for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the virus can be detected in saliva, even before COVID-19 symptoms appear, with the consequent high risk of virus transmission in asymptomatic/presymptomatic patients. Reducing oral viral load could lead to a lower risk of transmission via salivary droplets or aerosols and therefore contribute to the control of the pandemic. Our aim was to evaluate the available evidence testing the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of oral antiseptics to inactivate or eradicate coronaviruses. The criteria used were those described in the PRISMA declaration for performing systematic reviews. An electronic search was conducted in Medline (via PubMed) and in Web of Sciences, using the MeSH terms: ‘mouthwash’ OR’oral rinse’ OR ‘mouth rinse’ OR ‘povidone iodine’ OR ‘hydrogen peroxide’ OR ‘cetylpyridinium chloride’ AND ‘COVID-19’ OR ‘SARS-CoV-2’ OR ‘coronavirus’ OR ‘SARS’ OR ‘MERS’. The initial search strategy identified 619 articles on two electronic databases. Seventeen articles were included assessing the virucidal efficacy of oral antiseptics against coronaviruses. In conclusion, there is sufficient in-vitro evidence to support the use of antiseptics to potentially reduce the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses. However, in-vivo evidence for most oral antiseptics is limited. Randomized clin. trials with a control group are needed to demonstrate its clin. efficacy.

Journal of Hospital Infection published new progress about Aerosols. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Quality Control of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem