Category: 123-03-5

Bhattacharya, Ritwick; Chatterjee, Arnab; Chatterjee, Soumendranath; Saha, Nimai Chandra published the artcile< Acute toxicity and impact of sublethal exposure to commonly used surfactants sodium dodecyl sulphate, cetylpyridinium chloride and sodium laureth sulphate on oxidative stress enzymes in oligochaete worm Branchiura sowerbyi (Beddard, 1892)>, Category: pyridine-derivatives, the main research area is Branchiura oxidative stress sodium dodecyl sulfate cetylpyridinium chloride toxicity.

The current study aimed to determine the detrimental effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) on survival rate and oxidative stress enzymes in Branchiura sowerbyi (Beddard, 1892). The 96 h LC50 values of SDS, CPC and SLES to Branchiura sowerbyi were estimated to be 8.27, 0.12 and 19.58 mg/L, resp. Moreover, surfactant toxicity was projected using general threshold survival models (GUTS) in terms of required data sets and fit performance. The result suggested that GUTS-IT (individual tolerance) model can better predict the survival rate observed in Branchiura sowerbyi for surfactant exposure than the GUTS-SD (stochastic death) model. Sublethal levels of SDS, CPC and SLES (10% and 30% of the 96 h LC50 value) elicited substantial changes in oxidative stress enzymes over the 14-day exposure period. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) demonstrated a significant increasing trend initially followed by a subsequent declining trend, but the levels of catalase (CAT), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), increased significantly throughout the periods of exposure. The consequences of SDS, CPC and SLES on Branchiura sowerbyi were evaluated using a correlation matrix, principal component anal., and integrated biomarker response assessment. These findings suggest that SDS, CPC and SLES exposure detrimentally affect survival rate and alter the levels of oxidative stress enzymes in Branchiura sowerbyi.

Aquaculture Research published new progress about Biomarkers. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Category: pyridine-derivatives.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Dimkov, Aleksandar; Gjorgievska, Elizabeta; Nicholson, John W. published the artcile< The release of chloride ions from conventional glass-ionomer cements>, SDS of cas: 123-03-5, the main research area is benzalkonium cetylpyridinium chloride glass ionomer cement antimicrobial compound.

The objective of this study was to determining the level of released chloride ions from conventional glass-ionomer cements incorporated with two different types of antimicrobial agents – cetylpyridinium chloride and benzalkonium chloride, as well as to see the influence of incorporated antimicrobial agents on the process of chloride ions releasing. Two conventional glass-ionomer cements ChemFlex and Fuji IX were incorporated with a different percentage of the antimicrobial agents. The specimens were prepared according to the British Standards Institution Specifications for Dental Glass Ionomer Cements. 84 samples in total (4 × 6 mm) were prepared – by six specimens of the conventional glass-ionomer cements Fuji IX and ChemFlex with various concentrations of antimicrobial agents added – 1 %, 2 % and 3 %, i.e. six samples for each antimicrobial agent and each concentration level, as well as, by other six samples of the same cements without any antimicrobial agents, to be used as a control group. The measurements were performed at 14 successive time intervals started in zero time and finished after seven days. The results obtained speak of a continual release of chloride ions from both analyzed glass-ionomer cements with the addition of antimicrobial compounds, as well as with no antimicrobial compound incorporated.

Ceramics-Silikaty published new progress about Quaternary ammonium compounds, alkylbenzyldimethyl, chlorides Role: PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), PROC (Process). 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, SDS of cas: 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Bhattacharya, Ritwick; Daoud, Ismail; Chatterjee, Arnab; Chatterjee, Soumendranath; Saha, Nimai Chandra published the artcile< An integrated in silico and in vivo approach to determine the effects of three commonly used surfactants sodium dodecyl sulphate, cetylpyridinium chloride and sodium laureth sulphate on growth rate and hematology in Cyprinus carpio L>, SDS of cas: 123-03-5, the main research area is Cyprinus carpio sodium dodecyl sulfate cetylpyridinium chloride hematol; Homology modeling; erythropoietin; hydrogen bond; hydrophobic interaction; molecular docking; somatotropin.

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the homol. modeling, in silico prediction, and characterization of somatotropin and erythropoietin from Cyprinus carpio as well as mol. docking and simulation experiments between the modeled proteins and surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). Using the best fit template structure, homol. modeling of somatotropin and erythropoietin of Cyprinus carpio resp. was conducted. The model structures were improved further with 3Drefine, and the final 3D structures were verified with PROCHEK, ERRATA and ProQ. The physiochem., as well as the stereochem. parameters of the modeled proteins, were evaluated using ExPASy’s ProtParam. Mol. docking calculations, protein-ligand interactions, and protein flexibility anal. were carried out to determine the binding pattern of each ligand to the targeted proteins and their effect on the overall proteins’ conformation. Our in silico anal. showed that hydrophobic interactions with the active site amino acid residues of the modeled proteins (somatotropin and erythropoietin) were more prevalent than hydrogen bonds and salt bridges that affect the flexibility and stability of the somatotropin and erythropoietin as revealed from our protein flexibility anal. The in vivo anal. showed that sublethal concentrations of SDS, SLES, and CPC neg. affected the growth and hematol. parameters of Cyprinus carpio. Hence, it may be inferred from the study that the alterations in the flexibility of somatotropin and erythropoietin of Cyprinus carpio upon addition of SDS, CPC and SLES might be attributable to the reduction in growth and hematol. parameters.

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, SDS of cas: 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Brunello, Giulia; Becker, Kathrin; Scotti, Luisa; Drescher, Dieter; Becker, Juergen; John, Gordon published the artcile< The Effects of Three Chlorhexidine-Based Mouthwashes on Human Osteoblast-Like SaOS-2 Cells. An In Vitro Study>, Name: 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride, the main research area is chlorhexidine mouthwash human osteoblast cytotoxicity apoptosis; antiseptic; bone; cetylpyridinium chloride; chlorhexidine; mouthrinse; peri-implantitis; periodontitis.

Several decontamination methods for removing biofilm from implant surfaces during surgical peri-implantitis treatment have been reported, including the intraoperative usage of chlorhexidine (CHX)-based antiseptics. There is a lack of information on possible adverse effects on bone healing. The study aimed to examine the impact of three CHX-based mouthwashes on osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) in vitro. Cells were cultured for three days in 96-well binding plates. Each well was randomly treated for either 30, 60 or 120 s with 0.05% CHX combined with 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), 0.1% CHX, 0.2% CHX or sterile saline (NaCl) as control. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and apoptosis were assessed at day 0, 3 and 6. Cell viability resulted in being higher in the control group at all time points. At day 0, the CHX 0.2 group showed significantly higher cytotoxicity values compared to CHX 0.1 (30 s), CHX + CPC (30 s, 60 s and 120 s) and control (60 s and 120 s), while no significant differences were identified between CHX + CPC and both CHX 0.1 and NaCl groups. All test mouthwashes were found to induce apoptosis to a lower extent compared to control. Results indicate that 0.2% CHX presented the highest cytotoxic effect. Therefore, its intraoperative use should be carefully considered.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Name: 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Bhattacharya, Ritwick; Chatterjee, Arnab; Chatterjee, Soumendranath; Saha, Nimai Chandra published the artcile< Oxidative stress in benthic oligochaete worm, Tubifex tubifex induced by sublethal exposure to a cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride and an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate>, Reference of 123-03-5, the main research area is Tubifex cetylpyridinium chloride sodium dodecyl sulfate oxidative stress; Cetylpyridinium chloride; Integrated biomarker response; Oxidative stress; Sodium dodecyl sulfate.

The present study was assessed to determine the in vivo toxic effects of a cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in terms of oxidative stress biomarkers in benthic oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex for 14 days. The investigation demonstrated that sublethal concentrations of CPC (0.0213, and 0.0639 mg L-1) and SDS (1.094 and 3.092 mg L-1)induced paramount alterations in the oxidative stress enzymes in Tubifex tubifex. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) exhibited an initial notable increase in their activities in the surfactants exposed worms at 1d and 7d of exposure period followed by consequential reduction at 14d exposure period with respect to control, while catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities markedly incremented gradually throughout the exposure periods. Through the construction of the correlation matrix and integrated biomarker response (IBR), the effects of CPC and SDS on Tubifex tubifex were distinguished. These results indicate that exposure to these cationic and anionic surfactants modulates the levels of oxidative stress enzymes in Tubifex tubifex.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology published new progress about Biomarkers. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Reference of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ehrhardt, Alexandre; Mandelli, Jessica Zolim Andreatto; Bergamo, Vanessa; Lopes, William; Donato, Ricardo Keitel; Zanette, Regis A.; Fuentefria, Alexandre Meneghello published the artcile< Glass ionomer cement modified by a imidazolium salt: adding antifungal properties to a biomaterial>, Reference of 123-03-5, the main research area is glass ionomer cement imidazolium antifungal property; Antibiofilm activity; Candida spp; Dental material.

We present the structural modification of a com. available glass ionomer cement by inserting the imidazolium salt 1-n-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C16MImCl), composing a new biomaterial with antifungal biofilm activity. Test specimens were prepared using a com. glass ionomer cement to which 10 ppm of cetylpyridinium chloride (reference ionic antifungal agent) or C16MImCl were added. The feasibility and hypoallergenicity of the new biomaterial were assessed by microhardness plastic deformation and chorioallantoic membrane assays. Colony counting and SEM were used to evaluate the modified specimens’ antibiofilm activity against three multidrug-resistant Candida species. The modified glass ionomer cement presented a strong antibiofilm activity against Candida spp., without losing its original micromech. and hypoallergenic properties, rendering it a promising candidate for further application in dentistry.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology published new progress about Antibiofilm agents. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Reference of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Holder, Samuel W.; Grant, Samuel C.; Mohammadigoushki, Hadi published the artcile< Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Diffusometry of Linear and Branched Wormlike Micelles>, SDS of cas: 123-03-5, the main research area is NMR diffusometry linear branched wormlike micelle.

Diffusion studies using NMR spectroscopy were conducted on two model surfactant solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/sodium salicylate (CTAB/NaSal) and cetylpyridinium chloride/sodium salicylate (CPCl/NaSal). By increasing the salt-to-surfactant concentration ratio, these systems display two peaks in the zero-shear viscosity and relaxation time, which are indicative of transitions from linear to branched micellar networks. The goal of this work is to assess the sensitivity of NMR diffusometry to different types of micellar microstructures and identify the mechanism(s) of surfactant self-diffusion in micellar solutions At low salt-to-surfactant concentration ratios, for which wormlike micelles are linear, the surfactant self-diffusion is best described by a mean squared displacement, Z2, that varies as Z2 ∝ Tdiff0.5, where Tdiff is the diffusion time. As the salt concentration increases to establish branched micelles, Z2 ∝ Tdiff, indicating a Brownian-like self-diffusion of surfactant mols. in branched micelles. This result indicates that NMR diffusometry is capable of differentiating various types of micellar microstructures. In addition, the self-diffusion coefficient of the surfactant mols. in linear and branched micelles are determined, for the first time, by comparing the existing restricted diffusion models and are shown to be much slower than the diffusion of proton mols. in the bulk. Moreover, in linear and moderately branched wormlike micelles, the dominant mechanism of surfactant self-diffusion is through the curvilinear diffusion of the surfactant mols. along the contour length of the micelles, whereas in the branched micelles, before the second viscosity maxima, the surfactant self-diffusion could arise from a combination of micellar breakage, exchange between micelles and/or the bulk.

Langmuir published new progress about Diffusion. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, SDS of cas: 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Sinwat, Nuananong; Witoonsatian, Kriangkrai; Chumsing, Suksan; Suwanwong, Monticha; Kankuntod, Somyod; Jirawattanapong, Pichai; Songserm, Thaweesak published the artcile< Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes and Genotypes of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Commercial Duck Meat Production in Thailand and Their Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of Disinfectants>, Recommanded Product: 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride, the main research area is Salmonella disinfectant antimicrobial resistance phenotype genotype duck meat; Salmonella enterica; antimicrobial resistance; disinfectant resistance; meat-type ducks.

Salmonella is an important foodborne bacterium that has become increasingly resistant to critical antimicrobial and disinfectant agents. The aim of this study was to characterize antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from ducks raised for meat in Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. A total of 694 fecal samples from ducks were collected in 2018. Of which, 85 samples were pos. for Salmonella (12.2%), and 12 Salmonella serovars were identified from 125 Salmonella isolates. The Altona serovar was the predominant serotype found in this study (36.5%). All isolates showed resistance to at least one class of antimicrobial, and 23.2% displayed multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. The blaTEM, aadA2, strA, and dfrA12 genes were detected in antibiotic-resistant strains of Salmonella, whereas the genes within a plasmid-borne qnr family that presented in fluoroquinolone-susceptible Salmonella strains were qnrB (3.8%) and qnrS (1.5%). The min. inhibitory concentrations of benzalkonium chloride (BKC), cetylpyridium chloride (CPC), and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) ranged between 128 and 512μgg/mL, while that of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) was between 32 and 128μg/mL. The presences of qacEΔ1, mdfA, sugE(c), sugE(p), and ydgE genes were less prevalent (0.8-1.6%). Taken together, our results indicate that duck is an important source of Salmonella with antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals. Active surveillance programs for antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance in duck production are needed for an early detection of resistance strains of public health importance.

Microbial Drug Resistance (New Rochelle, NY, United States) published new progress about Antimicrobial agent resistance. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Recommanded Product: 1-Hexadecylpyridin-1-ium chloride.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Hansen, Andreas; Buse, Anna-Sophie; Wilke, Annika; Skudlik, Christoph; John, Swen M.; Brans, Richard published the artcile< Sensitization to 1,3-diphenylguanidine: An underestimated problem in physicians and nurses using surgical gloves>, Related Products of 123-03-5, the main research area is cetylpyridinium chloride diphenylguanidine surgical gloves; 1,3-diphenylguanidine; allergic contact dermatitis; case report; cetylpyridinium chloride; hand eczema; healthcare workers; patch test; surgical gloves.

This article deals about sensitization to 1,3-diphenylguanidine is underestimated problem in physicians and nurses using surgical gloves. A 55-yr-old male anesthesiologist with hand eczema was patch tested in our department in 2016 revealing sensitization to 1,3-diphenylguanidine and cetylpyridinium chloride. Patch testing of glove was done in three of patients and revealed no pos. reaction. Three of patients were able to continue their occupation with markedly improved skin conditions. No follow-up information was available for female surgeon.

Contact Dermatitis published new progress about Allergic contact dermatitis. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Related Products of 123-03-5.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Azum, Naved; Rub, Malik Abdul; Alfaifi, Sulaiman Yahya; Asiri, Abdullah M. published the artcile< Interaction of diphenhydramine hydrochloride with cationic and anionic surfactants: mixed micellization and binding studies>, Product Details of C21H38ClN, the main research area is diphenhydramine hydrochloride cationic anionic surfactant mixed micellization binding study; binding studies; cetylpyridinium chloride; diphenhydramine hydrochloride; mixed micellization; sodium dodecyl sulfate.

The focus of the present work is to evaluate the interactions of an anti-allergic drug (diphenhydramine hydrochloride, DPH) with anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) and cationic (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) surfactants in the aqueous medium. The mixed micellization behavior and surface properties of drug-surfactant mixtures have been examined by surface tension measurements. Various theor. approaches were applied to explore the synergistic or non-ideal behavior of the current mixed systems. Furthermore, the binding studies of drug with surfactants have been elaborated by UV-visible spectroscopy. Benesi-Hildebrand (B-H) theory was used to compute stoichiometric ratio, binding constant, and free energy change for the drug-surfactant mixtures The outputs are deliberated taking into consideration the use of surfactants as capable drug delivery agents for DPH and hence advance bioavailability.

Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about Absorption spectra. 123-03-5 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C21H38ClN, Product Details of C21H38ClN.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem