Category: 36437-30-6

Maidan, Ruben published the artcileApplication of multielectron charge relays in chemical and photochemical debromination processes. The role of induced disproportionation of N,N’-dioctyl-4,4′-bipyridinium radical cation in two-phase systems, Application of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, the main research area is disproportionation bipyridinium cation radical debromination; photochem reduction bipyridinium disproportionation.

Photochem. and chem. reduction of N,N’-dioctyl-4,4′-bipyridinium to the corresponding radical cation (I) leads to induced disproportionation of I in an aqueous-organic, 2-phase system, yielding the 2-electron reduction product II. The induced disproportionation is a result of opposite solubility properties of the disproportionation products in the 2 phases. II mediates the debromination of 1,2- and 1,1-dibromo substrates.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Debromination. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Application of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ross, John H. published the artcileToxicity of 1,1′-alkyl-4,4′-bipyridylium salts in the rat, COA of Formula: C26H42Br2N2, the main research area is alkylbipyridylium toxicity; bipyridylium alkyl toxicity.

Viologens (I, R = Me or Ph; n = 1-7) were administered s.c. to female Sprague-Dawley rats to determine relative toxicities. I produced the spectrum of effects previously reported for paraquat and a focal necrosis at the injection site, nonemptying of the stomach, and adrenal enlargement. A LD of Pr, hexyl, or benzyl viologen often produced a yellow to red serous fluid in the pleural cavity. Many of the signs observed with I poisoning are similar to adrenal hormone effects which may be contributing to the toxicity.

Drug and Chemical Toxicology (1977) published new progress about Adrenal gland. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, COA of Formula: C26H42Br2N2.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Dey, Nilanjan published the artcileHeparin triggered dose dependent multi-color emission switching in water: a convenient protocol for heparinase I estimation in real-life biological fluids, Category: pyridine-derivatives, the main research area is heparin heparinase I fluorescence probe color change.

Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) based bis-pyridinium derivatives show ‘ratiometric’ detection of heparin in water. For the first time, we present a dose-dependent, multi-color emission switching in the presence of heparin. The reversible self-assembly of probes with heparin as the stimulus is also exploited for the screening of heparinase I enzyme.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Blood analysis. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Category: pyridine-derivatives.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kawata, Tsutomu published the artcileCharacteristics of viologen derivatives for electrochromic display, Application of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, the main research area is viologen derivative polarog optical absorption; electrochromic display viologen derivative.

The polarog. half-wave potentials (E1/2, in aqueous solutions with pH 3.29 at 25°) and the absorption spectra (at λ = 250-700 nm) in various media (aqueous solution, MeOH, glycerin) were determined to characterize the electrochromic behavior of the viologen derivatives X-RN+C5H4-C5H4N+RX- [= Viol] (R = Pr, C6H13, or C7H15 for X = Br; X = Cl, Br, or I for R = PhCH2). Two polarog. waves were observed for each derivative: the 1st E1/2 [= 0.568-0.710 V vs. SCE] was attributed to the reduction, dication of Viol (I, colorless) + e- ⇄ radical cation (II, colored); and the 2nd E1/2 [= 0.775-0.965 V] was attributed to II + e- ⇄ biradical (III, colored). The E1/2 values were smaller for the PhCH2 derivatives than for the alkyl derivatives For R = PhCH2, the observed absorption maximum were at λ (in nm) ≈ 260 for I, ≈ 260, 400, and 630 for II, and ≈ 380 for III. With a viologen derivative in an electrochromic display device (having a transparent SnO2 cathode and a Pt anode), the writing time decreased with increasing applied voltage, and was ∼0.4-0.8 sec for obtaining a transmittance of 80%. An applied voltage greater than the 2nd E1/2 caused the color to change from purple to yellow; on open circuit, the color changed back to purple.

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics published new progress about Electrochromism. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Application of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Wang, Senlin published the artcileThe antitumor activity of 4,4′-bipyridinium amphiphiles, Safety of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, the main research area is alveolar basal carcinoma cell bipyridinium amphiphile antitumor SAR.

A series of 4,4′-bipyridinium amphiphiles, compounds I [n = 8-16] were synthesized and their anticancer activities were further evaluated. MTT assay showed that the cytotoxicity first increased and then decreased with the growth of carbon chains (8-16 C) at both ends of bipyridyl. Specifically, compounds with saturated carbon chains consisting of 13 carbons at both ends of bipyridyl displayed the best cell inhibitory activity with IC50 values in the low-micromolar range, which were even superior to that of cisplatin, against all the tested human cancer cells and cisplatin-resistant A549 cancer cells in vitro. In addition, compound I [n = 13] could evidently arrest the G2/M phase of the cell cycle in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, this study demonstrates the potent performance of compound I [n = 13] in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction via a conceivable approach of membrane damage.

RSC Advances published new progress about Antitumor agents. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Safety of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Hofbauer, Matthias published the artcileIon-pair charge-transfer complexes of a dithiooxalate zinc donor component with viologens. Synthesis, structural and electronic characterization, Related Products of pyridine-derivatives, the main research area is zincate dithiolato bipyridinium phenanthrolinium pyridylketone preparation; charge transfer zincate dithiolato viologen derivative; electrochem zincate dithiolato viologen derivative; crystal structure zincate dithiolato viologen derivative.

Bipyridinium and phenanthrolinium acceptors of different reduction potentials form with Zn 1,2-dithiooxalates (dto) ion-pair charge-transfer complexes {A2+[Zn(dto)2]2-}. The contact ion pairs exhibit absorptions in the range 390-490 nm which can be attributed to the ion-pair charge-transfer (IPCT) type. On the base of spectroscopic, electrochem. and quantum-chem. studies the relation between optical and thermal electron transfer within the ion pair applying the Hush theory is discussed. The mean reorganization energy of 12 complexes is 180 kJ mol-1 and exceeds the values found for the dithiolene systems. Due to the diminished donor ability of the dithiooxalate unit, a hypsochromic shift of the position of the IPCT band, compared with the metal dithiolenes, results. The extent of electron delocalization from [Zn(dto)2]2- to PQ2+, as described by the parameter α2, is calculated as 4.1 × 10-6. X-ray analyses of BQ[Zn(dto)2] and DP[Zn(dto)2] reveal that the solid-state structure is largely determined by the geometry of the acceptor component.

Inorganica Chimica Acta published new progress about Crystal structure. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Related Products of pyridine-derivatives.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Miura, Tomoaki published the artcileSupramolecular Control of the Spin-Dependent Dynamics of Long-Lived Charge-Separated States at the Micellar Interface As Studied by Magnetic Field Effect, Recommanded Product: 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, the main research area is supramol spin dynamics charge separation micellar interface magnetic field.

Spin selectivity in long-lived charge separation at the micellar interface is studied using the magnetic field effect (MFE). An amphiphilic viologen is complexed with a nonionic surfactant to form a supramol. acceptor cage, of which the size is controlled by the acceptor concentration, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering measurement. Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) from a guest polyaromatic mol. to the viologen moiety is observed spin-dependently with time-resolved fluorescence (trFL) and transient absorption (TA). A neg. MFE on the radical yield is successfully observed, which indicates generation of singlet-born long-lived radical pair that is realized by supramol. control of the donor-acceptor (D-A) distances. The dominance of the singlet-precursor MFE is sensitive to the acceptor concentration, which presumably affects the D-A distance as well as the cage size. However, theor. anal. of the MFE gives large recombination rates of ca. 108 s-1, which indicate the contribution of spin-allowed recombination of the pseudocontact radical pair generated by still active in-cage diffusion. Dependence of the viologen concentration and alkyl chain length on the recombination and escape dynamics is discussed in terms of precursor spin states and the microenvironments in the cage.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B published new progress about Charge separation. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Recommanded Product: 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Lu, Hsin-Che published the artcileAchieving Low-Energy Driven Viologens-Based Electrochromic Devices Utilizing Polymeric Ionic Liquids, Safety of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, the main research area is viologen electrochromic device polymer electrolyte ionic liquid; UV-curing; diffusion coefficient; electrochemistry; electrochromic devices (ECDs); gel electrolytes; ionic liquids; polymer electrolytes; viologens.

Three kinds of viologens-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) (heptyl viologen (HV(BF4)2), octyl viologen (OV(BF4)2), and nonyl viologen (NV(BF4)2)) were fabricated utilizing ferrocene (Fc) as a redox mediator. Among them, the NV(BF4)2-based ECD exhibits the highest coloration efficiency (36.2 cm2/C) owing to the lowest driving energy. Besides, switching between 0 and 1.2 V, the NV(BF4)2-based ECD shows a desirable initial transmittance change (ΔT = 56.7% at 605 nm), and long-term stability (ΔT = 45.4% after 4000 cycles). A UV-cured polymer electrolyte containing polymeric ionic liquid (PIL, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) was introduced to the NV(BF4)2-based ECD. By controlling the weight percentage of the PIL, different curing degrees of the polymer electrolytes were obtained and led to an improved stability of the NV(BF4)2-based ECD because of the immobilization of NV(BF4)2. This observation was explained by calculating the apparent diffusivity (Dapp) of the redox species in the NV(BF4)2-based ECD under various curing degrees. Increasing the amount of PIL leads to a lower driven energy needed for the NV(BF4)2-based ECD, following the same trend as the value of Dapp. Among all NV(BF4)2-based ECDs, 20 weight % of PIL addition (20-PIL ECD) exhibits large transmittance change (ΔT = 55.2% at 605 nm), short switching times (2.13 s in coloring and 2.10 s in bleaching), high coloration efficiency (60.4 and 273.5 cm2/C at 605 nm, after excluding the c.d. at the steady state), and exceptional cycling stability (ΔT = 53.8% after 10,000 cycles, or retained 97.5% of its initial ΔT).

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about Cyclic voltammetry. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Safety of 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Goren, Zafrir published the artcilePhotochemical and chemical reduction of vicinal dibromides via phase transfer of 4,4′-bipyridinium radical: the role of radical disproportionation, HPLC of Formula: 36437-30-6, the main research area is reductive debromination octylbispyridinium bromide; two phase debromination mechanism; aryldibromoethane debromination dithionite alkylviologen; photochem dehalogenaton halostilbene EDTA.

Reduction of 1,2-dibromo-1,2-diarylethanes is accomplished in a 2-phase system that includes dioctyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (C8V2+), and a reducing agent such as dithionite or glucose solubilized in the aqueous phase. The C8V2+ mediates the debromination reactions and is recycled in the process. The initially formed radical cation C8V+â€?is extracted from the aqueous phase into the organic layer, and undergoes disproportionation to the biradical C8V. The solubility properties of the disproportionation products shift the disproportionation equilibrium in the 2-phase system, towards in the biradical C8V, since C8V2+ is reextracted into the aqueous phase. The photochem. reduction of dihalostilbenes is also accomplished by substitution of the reducing agent in the aqueous phase with a sensitizer, Ru(bipy)32+, and EDTA as electron donor.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Cyclic voltammetry. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, HPLC of Formula: 36437-30-6.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rajendran, Venugopal published the artcileUltrasound assisted dichlorocarbene addition to 1,3-bis(allyloxy)-5-methylbenzene under biphasic condition: a kinetic study, HPLC of Formula: 36437-30-6, the main research area is bis allyloxy methylbenzene dichlorocarbene phase transfer catalyst cyclopropanation kinetics.

A new multi-site phase-transfer catalyst (MPTC), viz., N,N’-dioctyl-4,4′-bipyridium dibromide containing bi-site was prepared and proved by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass and elemental anal. The enhancement of C-N+ peak intensity at 1179 cm-1 noticed in FT-IR, the agreement of m/z values, viz., 542.43 bi-site resp. with their theor. values and the percentage of C, H, N elements noticed in elemental anal. has strongly supported the presence of tri-site MPTC catalysts. Further, the presence of number of active-sites in the catalyst was again confirmed by determining their pseudo-first order rate constant for dichlorocarbene addition to 1,3-bis(allyloxy)-5-methylbenzene in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation/mech. stirring. The comparative study reveals that the kapp determined with the combination of ultrasound and mech. stirring showed more activity than with their individual effect. Further, the detailed kinetic study performed with superior di-site MPTC reveals that the kapp are dependent with the stirring speed, [substrate], [catalyst], [NaOH] and temperature Based on the kinetic results, thermodn. parameters are evaluated.

Iranian Chemical Communication published new progress about Activation enthalpy. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, HPLC of Formula: 36437-30-6.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem