Category: 52243-87-5

Kawata, Tsutomu; Yamamoto, Motokazu; Yamana, Masao; Tajima, Moritaka; Nakano, Tomoyasu published an article in 1975, the title of the article was Characteristics of viologen derivatives for electrochromic display.Recommanded Product: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide And the article contains the following content:

The polarog. half-wave potentials (E1/2, in aqueous solutions with pH 3.29 at 25°) and the absorption spectra (at λ = 250-700 nm) in various media (aqueous solution, MeOH, glycerin) were determined to characterize the electrochromic behavior of the viologen derivatives X-RN+C5H4-C5H4N+RX- [= Viol] (R = Pr, C6H13, or C7H15 for X = Br; X = Cl, Br, or I for R = PhCH2). Two polarog. waves were observed for each derivative: the 1st E1/2 [= 0.568-0.710 V vs. SCE] was attributed to the reduction, dication of Viol (I, colorless) + e- ⇄ radical cation (II, colored); and the 2nd E1/2 [= 0.775-0.965 V] was attributed to II + e- ⇄ biradical (III, colored). The E1/2 values were smaller for the PhCH2 derivatives than for the alkyl derivatives For R = PhCH2, the observed absorption maximum were at λ (in nm) ≈ 260 for I, ≈ 260, 400, and 630 for II, and ≈ 380 for III. With a viologen derivative in an electrochromic display device (having a transparent SnO2 cathode and a Pt anode), the writing time decreased with increasing applied voltage, and was ∼0.4-0.8 sec for obtaining a transmittance of 80%. An applied voltage greater than the 2nd E1/2 caused the color to change from purple to yellow; on open circuit, the color changed back to purple. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Recommanded Product: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to viologen derivative polarog optical absorption, electrochromic display viologen derivative, Electric Phenomena: Other Devices and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On October 1, 2020, Tozaki, Keiki; Tatara, Kazuyoshi; Nishiyama, Yugo published a patent.Product Details of 52243-87-5 The title of the patent was Heat storage material comprising viologen compound. And the patent contained the following:

The invention relates to a heat storage material capable of suppressing super cooling with only one kind of organic heat storage material. The heat storage material comprises: a viologen-based compound represented by a general formula I; where R is C3-18 aliphatic alkyl group, X is halogen or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. The heat storage material has ≤30°C of a m.p.-f.p. temperature difference ΔTm-Tf; where Tm is a temperature at which it melts when heated to become an isotropic liquid; and Tf is a temperature at which the isotropic liquid solidifies during cooling. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Product Details of 52243-87-5

The Article related to viologen compound heat storage material, Unit Operations and Processes: Heat Transfer and other aspects.Product Details of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On October 1, 2020, Tozaki, Keiki; Tatara, Kazuyoshi; Nishiyama, Yugo published a patent.Product Details of 52243-87-5 The title of the patent was Heat storage material comprising viologen compound. And the patent contained the following:

The invention relates to a heat storage material capable of suppressing super cooling with only one kind of organic heat storage material. The heat storage material comprises: a viologen-based compound represented by a general formula I; where R is C3-18 aliphatic alkyl group, X is halogen or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. The heat storage material has ≤30°C of a m.p.-f.p. temperature difference ΔTm-Tf; where Tm is a temperature at which it melts when heated to become an isotropic liquid; and Tf is a temperature at which the isotropic liquid solidifies during cooling. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Product Details of 52243-87-5

The Article related to viologen compound heat storage material, Unit Operations and Processes: Heat Transfer and other aspects.Product Details of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Liu, Jinjian; Li, Jing; Lu, Wenbo published an article in 2019, the title of the article was Effect of counter cations on the photochromic behaviors of three Zn-viologen complexes.Category: pyridine-derivatives And the article contains the following content:

To determine the influence of counter cations on the photochromic properties of viologen-based compounds, with the self-assembly reaction of different viologen cations (MV2+ = 1,1′-bis(methyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication, EV2+ = 1,1′-bis(ethyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication, PV2+ = 1,1′-bis(propyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication), Zn2+ and H3BTC (1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), three complexes (MV)0.5[Zn(BTC)(H2O)5]·2H2O (1), (EV)0.5[Zn(BTC)(H2O)5]·H2O (2), and (PV)0.5[Zn(BTC)(H2O)5]·H2O (3) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The photochromic behavior of the three compounds has been investigated due to the presence of electron-deficient viologen fractions. Compounds 1-3 feature similar isolated structures and all exhibit electron-transfer (ET) photochromism, which can be fine-tuned by introducing different counter cations. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Category: pyridine-derivatives

The Article related to zinc viologen complex preparation structure photochromic property, Inorganic Chemicals and Reactions: Coordination Compounds and other aspects.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On June 28, 2019, Liu, Jinjian; Li, Jing published a patent.COA of Formula: C16H22Br2N2 The title of the patent was Two photochromic purpurine host-object MOFs material, and its preparation method and application. And the patent contained the following:

The inventive purpurine host-object MOFs material has formula of (EV)2/n[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]n·2nH2O or (PV)2/n[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]n·2nH2O, wherein EV2+ is 1,1-di(ethyl)-4,4-bipyridyl cation, and PV2+ is 1,1-di(propyl)-4,4-bipyridyl cation. One preparation method includes (1) adding 4,4-bipyridine and Et bromide in anhydrous acetonitrile, heating under reflux for 24 h, cooling, filtering, and washing to obtain 1,1-di(ethyl)-4,4-bipyridyl bromide; (2) dissolving with cadmium nitrate in deionized water; (3) dissolving 1,3,5-trimesic acid and NaOH in deionized water under heating; (4) mixing with solution of step (2), standing for 5 d, washing, and drying. The invention is simple and easy to operate, economical and non-toxic. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).COA of Formula: C16H22Br2N2

The Article related to bipyridinium cadmium trimesate mof preparation crystal structure photochromism, Inorganic Chemicals and Reactions: Coordination Compounds and other aspects.COA of Formula: C16H22Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Li, Li; Yue, Jun-Ming; Qiao, Yong-Zhen; Niu, Yun-Yin; Hou, Hong-Wei published an article in 2013, the title of the article was The side chain template effect in viologen on the formation of polypseudorotaxane architecture. Six novel metal coordination polymers and their properties.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide And the article contains the following content:

The reaction of CuSCN (or CuCl2) in the presence of excess KSCN directed by viologen-based linear templates in a DMF-methanol system affords six coordination polymers, {(MV)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n (1, MV2+ = 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium), {(PrV)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n (2, PrV2+ = 1,1′-dipropyl-4,4′-bipyridinium), {(iPV)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n (3, iPV2+ = 1,1′-diisopropyl-4,4′-bipyridinium), [(1-iBV)Cu2(SCN)3]n (4, 1-iBV2+ = 1-isobutyl-4,4′-bipyridinium), {(iBV)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n (5, iBV2+ = 1,1′-diisobutyl-4,4′-bipyridinium), and {(PtV)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n (6, PtV2+ = 1,1′-dipentyl-4,4′-bipyridinium). The [Cu2(SCN)4]n anion in compounds 1, 3, and 5 adopts an infinite 2D polypseudorotaxane architecture and proved effectively that the stoppers at the end can enhance the polyrotaxane formation in the crystalline state, whereas the anion moieties in compounds 2 and 6 exhibit 1D linear architectures, suggesting dethreading from envelopes once solidifying from solution phase. Compound 4 was found to be a 2D coordination polymer with the organic ligand carrying a single charge. The side chain template effect of substituted group, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra in the solid state and TGA properties of the six complexes are investigated. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to copper viologen thiocyanate complex preparation crystal structure, absorption spectra copper viologen thiocyanate complex, Inorganic Chemicals and Reactions: Coordination Compounds and other aspects.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On October 20, 2010, Lamberto, Massimiliano; Rastede, Elizabeth E.; Decker, Justyne; Raymo, Francisco M. published an article.Computed Properties of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Microwave-assisted synthesis of symmetric and asymmetric viologens. And the article contained the following:

Viologens are generally synthesized by N-alkylating 4,4′-bipyridine with alkyl halides. Under conventional heating conditions, however, their synthesis suffers from long reaction times and, often, low yields. In this work, sym. and asym. viologens were synthesized under the assistance of microwave irradiation in good to excellent yields and in short reaction times. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Computed Properties of 52243-87-5

The Article related to sym asym viologen microwave assisted synthesis, Heterocyclic Compounds (One Hetero Atom): Pyridines and other aspects.Computed Properties of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On September 9, 1980, Chen, Min-Feng published a patent.Electric Literature of 52243-87-5 The title of the patent was 1,1′-Dialkyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dihalides and their herbicidal use. And the patent contained the following:

The title compounds I (R = alkyl, X = halogen) were prepared by treating 4,4′-bipyridine (II) with a haloalkanoic acid and H2O at pH <4. Thus II was treated with saturated aqueous ClCH2CO2H to give I (R = Me, X = Cl) in 99% yield. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1'-Dipropyl-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Electric Literature of 52243-87-5

The Article related to dialkylbipyridinium dihalide, bipyridinium dialkyl dihalide, Heterocyclic Compounds (One Hetero Atom): Pyridines and other aspects.Electric Literature of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On April 30, 1980, Chen, Ming-Feng published a patent.HPLC of Formula: 52243-87-5 The title of the patent was 1,1′-Dialkyl-4,4′-bipyridylium dihalide. And the patent contained the following:

The title compounds I (R = C1-3 alkyl; X = Cl, Br) were obtained by quaternizing 4,4′-bipyridine (II) with haloalkanoic acid. Thus II was treated with ClCH2CO2H at 120° to give 99% I (R = Me, X = Cl). The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).HPLC of Formula: 52243-87-5

The Article related to bipyridine quaternization haloalkanoate, dialkylbipyridinium halide, Heterocyclic Compounds (One Hetero Atom): Pyridines and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On November 26, 1976, there was a patent about herbicides.Category: pyridine-derivatives The title of the patent was Herbicidal quaternary bipyridylium salts. And the patent contained the following:

The salts I (R, R1 = alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkyl; X, X1 = Cl, Br, iodo, 4-MeC6H4SO3) (104 compounds) were prepared by quaternization. Thus 4,4′-bipyridine was treated with EtI and 4-(4-pyridyl)pyridinium ethiodide treated with CH2:CMeCH2I to give I (R = Et, R1 = CH2CMe:CH2, X = X1 = iodo). At 1 kg/ha I (R = Et, R1 = CH2CMe:CH2, X = X1 = iodo) post emergence gave ∼80% control of Avena fatua. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Category: pyridine-derivatives

The Article related to bipyridinium salt, quaternary bipyridinium salt, herbicide bipyridinium salt, Heterocyclic Compounds (One Hetero Atom): Pyridines and other aspects.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem