Category: 52243-87-5

On October 31, 1994, Satoh, Hideharu; Ohno, Hiroyuki; Tokuda, Koichi; Ohsaka, Takeo published an article.Quality Control of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was A study on diffusional behavior of propyl viologen in poly(ethylene oxide) polymer solvents based on a combined use of steady-state cyclic voltammetry and potential-step chronoamperometry. And the article contained the following:

The diffusion coefficient (DPV2+) and the concentration (CaPV2+) of the actually electroactive PV2+ in the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO, average mol. weight: 400) media containing 0.1M LiClO4 and various concentrations of propylviologen dibromide (PVBr2) could be sep. estimated without previous knowledge of either, based on a combined use of steady-state cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber electrodes (diameter: 9 μm) and potential-step chronoamperometry at glassy carbon electrodes (diameter: 1 mm) as a function of PVBr2 concentration (CPV2+ = 2-20mM) and temperature (10-60°). Both CaPV2+ and DPV2+ significantly varied with CPV2+. CPV2+ values were smaller than CPV2+, indicating that all of the dissolved PVBr2 are not actually electroactive. DPV2+ decreased with increasing CPV2+ (and CaPV2+), and the charge transport in the PEO matrix thus occurs not via the electron-hopping process between PV2+ and PV+ (the monocation state of PV2+), but via the phys. diffusion of PV2+. Further, it became apparent that at CPV2+ > 5mM the temperature dependence of DPV2+ is not the Arrhenius type and follows the VTF equation, i.e., PV2+ ions are transported along with the segmental motion of the PEO chains. Based on the DSC measurements of the PEO-LiClO4 (0.1M)-PVBr2 complexes, their glass transition temperatures decrease with increasing CPV2+, suggesting that PVBr2 function as a plasticizer. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Quality Control of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to propylviologen diffusion peo, redox electrochem propylviologen peo lithium perchlorate, Electrochemistry: Electrodes, Electrode Reactions, and Electrode Potentials and other aspects.Quality Control of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On January 31, 1996, Yi, He; Xiaoyun, Wang; Zhaoxi, Liang published an article.Formula: C16H22Br2N2 The title of the article was The association behavior of alkyl viologens in electroredox studied by in-situ spectroscopy. And the article contained the following:

The association behavior of first reduced state of alkyl viologens and corresponding polyviologens(V+) were studied by in-situ spectroscopy. In electroreduction process, V.+ of alkyl viologens exist predominantly in the association form on the electrode surface, this phenomenon is attributed to the absorption of V.+ on the electrode. V.+ of polyviologens with shorter alkyl groups also exist mainly in the association form. However, V.+ of polyviologens with longer alkyl groups exist mainly in the monomeric form because the flexible segments may weaken the V.+ association The association behavior of electroreduction were compared with that of photoreduction as well as chem. reduction In addition, the effect of β-cyclodextrin inclusion on the association behavior of V.+ in electroreduction was studied. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Formula: C16H22Br2N2

The Article related to alkyl viologen polyviologen electroredox association, visible spectra viologen polyviologen, Electrochemistry: Electrodes, Electrode Reactions, and Electrode Potentials and other aspects.Formula: C16H22Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On March 10, 1994, Feng, Minhui; Li, Wen; Liang, Zhaoxi published an article.Related Products of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Electroredox behavior of alkyl viologen compounds. And the article contained the following:

Electroredox behavior of alkyl viologens and polyviologens has been investigated by using differential pulse polarog. The alkyl groups of viologen compounds influence the reduction potentials and the film forming property of reduced products on the electrode. Compared with the low mol. alkyl viologen compounds, the first reduction potentials (E1) of alkyl polyviologens are rather pos., the potential differences (ΔE) of two-step reduction potentials are larger. The halogen anions of supporting electrolytes influence the reduction potentials of viologen compounds, the order is I- > Br- > Cl- > F-. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Related Products of 52243-87-5

The Article related to alkyl viologen derivative electrochem redox reaction, reduction potential viologen halide electrolyte, Electrochemistry: Electrodes, Electrode Reactions, and Electrode Potentials and other aspects.Related Products of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On January 31, 1996, Satoh, Hideharu; Tokuda, Koichi; Ohsaka, Takeo published an article.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Observation of intermolecular charge-transfer spectra for propyl viologen dihalides in a series of polyether media. And the article contained the following:

1,1′-Dipropyl-4,4′-bipyridinium diiodide (PV2+·2I-) in a series of polyethers (PEOs, HO(CH2CH2O)nH, n = 1 ∼ 14) gave an intermol. charge-transfer spectrum, which shifted to longer wavelength with larger absorbance in less polar medium, in the visible region. An increase in temperature resulted in an increase in absorbance as a result of an ion-dipole interaction between PV2+ cation and polyether solvent. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

The Article related to intermol charge transfer spectra viologen polyether, uv spectra viologen polyether, Physical Properties of Synthetic High Polymers: Physical Properties Of Polymers and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On October 12, 1973, there was a patent about defoliants, herbicides.Category: pyridine-derivatives The title of the patent was Herbicidal N,N’-disubstituted dipyridylium bistribromides. And the patent contained the following:

Herbicidal and defoliant bipyridine derivatives I (n = 2, 3, X = Br3; n = 2, X = ClBr2) and II (R = Me, X = Br3, ClBr2; R = Pr, X = Br3) were prepared Thus 2,2′-bipyridine was treated with Br(CH2)3Br to give 94% I (n = 3, X = Br), which on treatment with Br gave 47% I (n = 3, X = Br3). Wettable powders were prepared using HiSil 233 carrier, Daxad 11 dispersant, and Emcol L72-34 wetting agent. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Category: pyridine-derivatives

The Article related to herbicide bipyridylium halide, defoliant bipyridylium halide, Heterocyclic Compounds (More Than One Hetero Atom): Pyrimidines and Quinazolines and other aspects.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On September 5, 1980, Kamogawa, Hiroyoshi; Masui, Toshiaki; Nanasawa, Masato published an article.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was Photochemically induced reduction of viologens in solid polar aprotic polymer matrices. And the article contained the following:

Photochem. induced reversible reduction of viologens in solid polar aprotic polymer matrixes proceeds much more efficiently than in protic ones. The effects of the N-substituent and anions were discussed. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to photochem reduction viologen polymer matrix, substituent effect viologen photoreduction, Physical Organic Chemistry: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions (Including Hydrogenation) and other aspects.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On August 1, 2012, Wang, Wei; Yu, Wei; Yan, Yukun; Li, Jing; Li, Qiuyue published a patent.Computed Properties of 52243-87-5 The title of the patent was Organic micro-/nano-material of 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt/viologen derivative charge transfer composite and preparation method thereof. And the patent contained the following:

The organic micro-/nano-material consists of organic electron donor 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt and organic electron acceptor viologen derivative The organic micro-/nano-material is prepared by: dissolving organic electron donor 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt and organic electron acceptor viologen derivative in good solvent, adding poor solvent; constant temperature aging the solution, slowly volatilizing the good solvent, obtaining organic micro-/nano-material single crystal. The organic micro-/nano-material is also prepared by: dissolving organic electron donor 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt in solvent I, slowly adding buffer solution, enriching the organic electron donor in the solvent I; dissolving the electron acceptor viologen derivative in solvent II, slowly adding the solution to the organic electron donor 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt solution, enriching the organic electron donor 1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt in the solvent II, standing and aging, obtaining organic micro-/nano-material single crystal at the solvent interface. The invention has the advantages of easy raw material resource, simple preparation process, good crystallization property; and has wide application prospects in organic semiconductor or organic conductor etc. fields. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Computed Properties of 52243-87-5

The Article related to organic micro material pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt viologen, crystal mol structure viologen pyrenetetrasulfonate sodium salt, Optical, Electron, and Mass Spectroscopy and Other Related Properties: Luminescence and other aspects.Computed Properties of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On June 30, 1983, Hsieh, Chun Chin; Wang, Ching Bore; Lin, Lung Ching published an article.Formula: C16H22Br2N2 The title of the article was Mass spectral study on 1,1′-dialkyl-4,4′-bipyridinium bromides. And the article contained the following:

The electron-impact mass spectra of eight title salts (I; R, R1 = alkyl; X = halo) and 1-hexadecylpyridinium bromide were studied. An ion peak of M+• [M2+(X-)2 = I] was detected by the one-electron reduction of M2+ ion. When the alkyl was >C5, a characteristic peak of C4H8Br+ was found from the bromide complexes. A peak corresponding to (M-2)+•, representing loss of HX from MX2, was also found. A base peak corresponding to (M-R-R1)+• was observed with smaller alkyl groups. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Formula: C16H22Br2N2

The Article related to mass spectra dialylbipyridinium dihalide, alkylbipyridinium halide mass spectra, bipyridinium halide mass spectra, Physical Organic Chemistry: Degradation Reactions, Including Mass Spectral Fragmentation and other aspects.Formula: C16H22Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On May 20, 2019, Kim, Jae Hyeon; Kim, Gi Han; Kim, Chung Hyo published a patent.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the patent was Light control device and transparent display device including the same. And the patent contained the following:

The present invention relates to a light control device capable of realizing a fast response speed, and a transparent display device including the same. The light control device includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a first barrier rib and a second barrier rib that maintain a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate, and disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode disposed on a side surface of the first bulk head and facing the second bulkhead; a second electrode disposed on a side surface of the second bulk head facing the first bulk head and a light control cell changing the light transmittance according to the voltage applied to the first electrode and the second electrode including electrochromic materials, and disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to light control transparent display device, Radiation Chemistry, Photochemistry, and Photographic and Other Reprographic Processes: Other and other aspects.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kamogawa, Hiroyoshi; Amemiya, Suguru published an article in 1984, the title of the article was Synthesis of novel organic functional substances. II. Spontaneous generation of viologen radical cations in polar aprotic solvents.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide And the article contains the following content:

Viologens, when dissolved in polar aprotic solvents (such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or HMPA) under deaerated conditions, gave a blue color (λmax = 608-609nm) indicating the spontaneous generation of the viologen radical cation. Electron transfer from the counter anion of viologen to the viologen cation was proposed. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to viologen electron transfer solvent effect, Physical Organic Chemistry: Oxidation-Reduction, Including Dehydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis and other aspects.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem