Category: 52243-87-5

On February 28, 1997, Kim, Sung Hoon; Bae, Jin Seok; Hwang, Seok Hwan; Gwon, Tae Sun; Doh, Myung Ki published an article.Electric Literature of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Dimer formation of viologen derivatives and their electrochromic properties. And the article contained the following:

The electrochromic properties of 1,1′-diethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (EV), 1,1′-dipropyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (PV), 1,1′-dibutyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (BV) and 1-ethyl-1′-Bu bipyridinium dibromide (EBV) were studied using a propylene-carbonate/methanol solution with Bu4NBF4 as the supporting electrolyte. A monomer-dimer equilibrium is proposed to explain the observation that the EV and EBV cation radical solutions are violet at an applied voltage of 1.7-3.0 V, but become blue in the open-circuit condition. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Electric Literature of 52243-87-5

The Article related to electrochromism viologen derivative monomer dimer equilibrium, viologen derivative cation radical electrochromic cell, Radiation Chemistry, Photochemistry, and Photographic and Other Reprographic Processes: Photochromic, Thermochromic, and Electrochromic Imaging Systems and other aspects.Electric Literature of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On February 21, 1995, Inaba, Minoru; Osa, Yumi; Ogumi, Zempachi published an article.Related Products of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Raman spectroscopic analysis of electrochemical behavior of propylviologen in Nafion. And the article contained the following:

The electrochem. and Raman spectroscopic characteristics of propylviologen incorporated into Nafion film coated on a silver electrode were studied. The results were compared with those on silver in solutions containing Triton X-100, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles. Propylviologen incorporated into Nafion showed unusual electrochem. and Raman spectroscopic behavior. The half-wave potential for the 2nd step was shifted in the neg. direction with respect to that in an aqueous solution, and only a small amount of the doubly reduced form was detected by Raman spectroscopy. Similar behavior was observed in the anionic SDS micellar solution From the observed similarity, the residence sites of propylviologen in Nafion are discussed. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Related Products of 52243-87-5

The Article related to raman spectroscopy electrochem behavior propylviologen nafion, silver electrode nafion film incorporated propylviologen, micellar solution propylviologen reduction silver electrode and other aspects.Related Products of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On April 30, 1979, Brown, Norman M. D.; Cowley, David J.; Hashmi, Mahoud published an article.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Kinetic studies of the photoreduction of 4,4′-di-n-alkylbipyridylium salts by alkanols in aqueous solution. And the article contained the following:

The photoreduction of ≤10-3 M solutions of I (R = Me, Et, Pr, Bu, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl; X = halide) by RCH(OH)R1 (II; R = H, R1 = Me, Et, Pr, Bu; R = R1 = Me) on irradiation at 254 nm was studied. Triplet excited I react initially with the alc. to give an exciplex which by H atom transfer gives a cation radical. Halide ions exerted a strong quenching effect, and the quantum yield of photoreduction was greatly influenced by the R groups in I and the R and R1 groups in II. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

The Article related to alkylbipyridylium photoreduction alc kinetics, bipyridylium alkyl photoreduction alc kinetics, reduction photochem alkylbipyridylium kinetics, substituent effect alkylbipyridylium photoreduction and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On November 30, 2019, Liu, Jin-jian; Li, Jing published an article.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was Photochromism of stable crystalline 3D Cd-viologen coordination polymers. And the article contained the following:

Recent studies have demonstrated the efficient synthesis of photochromic coordination polymers by assembly of viologens and metal centers. In order to enrich this system, in-depth research should be conducted on the impact of metal centers, but related research is rare. On the basis of two photochromic viologen-based compounds, two new photochromic coordination polymers are prepared by introducing cadmium ions. In this study, four novel host-guest compounds based on viologen cations (EV2+ = 1,1′-bis(ethyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication, PV2+ = 1,1′-bis(propyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) have been synthesized and structurally characterized, [(EV)0.5(H2BTC)]·H2O (1), [(PV)(H2BTC)2]·2H2O (2), {(EV)0.5[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (3), {(PV)0.5[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (4). Compounds 1 and 2 feature the isolated structure, where uncoordinated H2BTC- units connect to viologen cations by supramol. interactions. Compounds 3 and 4 feature the three-dimensional (3D) anionic MOFs of {[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]-}n with viologen cations inserted in the framework. As expected, incorporating the viologen fragment into the framework results in predefined photochromism of four compounds It is worth noting that the introduction of cadmium ions will directly improve the photosensitive behaviors and protect the photo-generated radicals. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to alkylbipyridinium benzenetricarboxylate viologen cadmium coordination polymer preparation photochromism structure, crystal mol structure cadmium viologen coordination polymer, photochromism alkylbipyridinium benzenetricarboxylate viologen cadmium coordination polymer and other aspects.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On October 31, 1994, Inaba, Minoru; Ogumi, Zempachi; Takehara, Zen-ichiro published an article.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Application of the solid polymer electrolyte method to organic electrochemistry XVII. Indirect electrochemical debromination using viologens as microscopic phase-transfer mediators. And the article contained the following:

Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) composite electrodes using a perfluorinated ion-exchange membrane (Nafion), which is known to be microscopically separated into hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, were prepared Various N,N’-dialkyl-4-4′-bipyridinium salts (viologens) were incorporated in the SPE composite electrodes as phase transfer mediators. Electrochem. debromination of meso-1,2-dibromo-1,2-diphenylethane was carried out on the SPE composite electrodes. The results were compared with those obtained in an emulsion system consisting of water and dichloromethane. Of the viologen compounds tested, Pr viologen was the most effective mediator for the SPE composite electrode, while octyl viologen dibromide was the most effective mediator in the emulsion system. The active species for the debromination in the emulsion system is a doubly reduced neutral form of viologen that was generated by the disproportionation of cation radicals. The disproportionation constant, Kd, of octyl viologen cation radical in a two-phase system consisting of water and dichloromethane is 809. The reaction mechanism on the SPE composite electrode was discussed, and probably the active species was generated by disproportionation at the microscopically heterogeneous interface between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains of the Nafion. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

The Article related to indirect electrochem debromination phase transfer mediator, dibromodiphenylethane electrochem debromination composite electrode, viologen dibromodiphenylethane electrodebromination, catalyst viologen dibromodiphenylethane electrodebromination, disproportionation octylviologen radical cation and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On November 30, 1996, Kim, Sung Hoon; Bae, Jin Seok; Hwang, Seok Hwan; Gwon, Tae Sun; Doh, Myung Ki; Park, Chul published an article.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was Electrochromic properties of symmetric and asymmetric viologens. And the article contained the following:

Electrochromic properties of several viologen derivatives were examined by the cyclovoltametric and chronoamperometric methods. The electrochromic properties of 1,1′-diethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(EV), 1,1′-dipropyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(PV), 1,1′-dibutyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(BV) and 1-butyl-1′-ethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(EBV) were studied using an propylenecarbonate/methanol solution with Bu4NBF4 as supporting electrolyte. A monomer-dimer equilibrium might explain the observation that EV and EBV cation radical solutions shows violet under an applied voltage of 1.73̃.0 V but blue under open-circuit condition. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to viologen electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry, diethylbipyridinium dibromide electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry, dipropylbipyridinium dibromide electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry, dibutylbipyridinium dibromide electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry and other aspects.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On November 30, 2019, Liu, Jin-jian; Li, Jing published an article.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was Photochromism of stable crystalline 3D Cd-viologen coordination polymers. And the article contained the following:

Recent studies have demonstrated the efficient synthesis of photochromic coordination polymers by assembly of viologens and metal centers. In order to enrich this system, in-depth research should be conducted on the impact of metal centers, but related research is rare. On the basis of two photochromic viologen-based compounds, two new photochromic coordination polymers are prepared by introducing cadmium ions. In this study, four novel host-guest compounds based on viologen cations (EV2+ = 1,1′-bis(ethyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication, PV2+ = 1,1′-bis(propyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dication) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) have been synthesized and structurally characterized, [(EV)0.5(H2BTC)]·H2O (1), [(PV)(H2BTC)2]·2H2O (2), {(EV)0.5[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (3), {(PV)0.5[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]·2H2O}n (4). Compounds 1 and 2 feature the isolated structure, where uncoordinated H2BTC- units connect to viologen cations by supramol. interactions. Compounds 3 and 4 feature the three-dimensional (3D) anionic MOFs of {[Cd(BTC)(H2O)]-}n with viologen cations inserted in the framework. As expected, incorporating the viologen fragment into the framework results in predefined photochromism of four compounds It is worth noting that the introduction of cadmium ions will directly improve the photosensitive behaviors and protect the photo-generated radicals. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to alkylbipyridinium benzenetricarboxylate viologen cadmium coordination polymer preparation photochromism structure, crystal mol structure cadmium viologen coordination polymer, photochromism alkylbipyridinium benzenetricarboxylate viologen cadmium coordination polymer and other aspects.Reference of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On October 31, 1994, Inaba, Minoru; Ogumi, Zempachi; Takehara, Zen-ichiro published an article.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5 The title of the article was Application of the solid polymer electrolyte method to organic electrochemistry XVII. Indirect electrochemical debromination using viologens as microscopic phase-transfer mediators. And the article contained the following:

Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) composite electrodes using a perfluorinated ion-exchange membrane (Nafion), which is known to be microscopically separated into hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, were prepared Various N,N’-dialkyl-4-4′-bipyridinium salts (viologens) were incorporated in the SPE composite electrodes as phase transfer mediators. Electrochem. debromination of meso-1,2-dibromo-1,2-diphenylethane was carried out on the SPE composite electrodes. The results were compared with those obtained in an emulsion system consisting of water and dichloromethane. Of the viologen compounds tested, Pr viologen was the most effective mediator for the SPE composite electrode, while octyl viologen dibromide was the most effective mediator in the emulsion system. The active species for the debromination in the emulsion system is a doubly reduced neutral form of viologen that was generated by the disproportionation of cation radicals. The disproportionation constant, Kd, of octyl viologen cation radical in a two-phase system consisting of water and dichloromethane is 809. The reaction mechanism on the SPE composite electrode was discussed, and probably the active species was generated by disproportionation at the microscopically heterogeneous interface between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains of the Nafion. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

The Article related to indirect electrochem debromination phase transfer mediator, dibromodiphenylethane electrochem debromination composite electrode, viologen dibromodiphenylethane electrodebromination, catalyst viologen dibromodiphenylethane electrodebromination, disproportionation octylviologen radical cation and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 52243-87-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On November 30, 1996, Kim, Sung Hoon; Bae, Jin Seok; Hwang, Seok Hwan; Gwon, Tae Sun; Doh, Myung Ki; Park, Chul published an article.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was Electrochromic properties of symmetric and asymmetric viologens. And the article contained the following:

Electrochromic properties of several viologen derivatives were examined by the cyclovoltametric and chronoamperometric methods. The electrochromic properties of 1,1′-diethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(EV), 1,1′-dipropyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(PV), 1,1′-dibutyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(BV) and 1-butyl-1′-ethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide(EBV) were studied using an propylenecarbonate/methanol solution with Bu4NBF4 as supporting electrolyte. A monomer-dimer equilibrium might explain the observation that EV and EBV cation radical solutions shows violet under an applied voltage of 1.73̃.0 V but blue under open-circuit condition. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

The Article related to viologen electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry, diethylbipyridinium dibromide electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry, dipropylbipyridinium dibromide electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry, dibutylbipyridinium dibromide electrochromism cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry and other aspects.Name: 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem