Category: 98-98-6

《Tryptophan metabolite concentrations in depressed patients before and after electroconvulsive therapy》 was published in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity in 2020. These research results belong to Ryan, Karen M.; Allers, Kelly A.; McLoughlin, Declan M.; Harkin, Andrew. Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid The article mentions the following:

Tryptophan and kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites are implicated in the pathophysiol. of depression. We aimed to investigate their plasma concentrations in medicated patients with depression (n = 94) compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 57), and in patients with depression after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in a real-world clin. setting, taking account of co-variables including ECT modality and heterogenous psychopathol. Depression severity was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D24). Tryptophan (TRP) and kynurenine (KYN) metabolite concentrations [anthranilic acid (AA), 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA), picolinic acid (PA), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and xanthurenic acid (XA)] and KYNA/KYN and KYNA/quinolinic acid (QUIN) ratios were lower in patients compared to controls. For the total group there was no significant change in KP metabolites post-ECT or correlations with mood ratings. However, improvements in mood score were correlated with increased KYN, 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HK), 3HAA, QUIN, and KYN/TRP in a subgroup of unipolar depressed patients. Addnl., in remitters baseline KYN, 3HK, and QUIN were associated with baseline HAM-D24 scores, and changes in 3HK and 3HAA concentrations post-ECT correlated with improvement in mood. KYN, KYNA, AA, 3HK, XA, PA, and QUIN were increased in a smaller 3-mo follow-up group (n = 19) compared to pre-ECT concentrations Overall, the results indicate that ECT mobilizes the KP, where a moderate association between selected metabolites and treatment response in unipolar depressed patients is evident. In the experiment, the researchers used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《Growth and characterization of picolinium maleate (PM) crystals》 was written by Senthil Kannan, K.; Venkatachalam, K.; Bhakya, K.; Sharmidha, B.; Kalaivani, M.; Devi, S. Gayathri. Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid And the article was included in AIP Conference Proceedings in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Picolinium Maleate crystals are of NLO type and are having extensive range of employing in opto-electronic and frequency doubling and which have Empirical formula as C10H9NO6, these crystal belongs to monoclinic system, with space group as P21/c and at. grid scaling are a=14.650Å, b=10.398Å, c=6.908Å, α=γ=90°, β=100° and crystallite size is 0.25*0.16*0.25 mm3. As the crystals of PM are of NLO of the second order, it can be used for bio applications and here used for anti-diabetic (AD) activities and filter usefulness exptl. (c) 2020 American Institute of Physics. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《A novel 1-D chain organic-inorganic hybrid CuII-PrIII heterometallic germanomolybdate decorated by 2-picolinic acid ligands》 was published in Inorganic Chemistry Communications in 2020. These research results belong to Hu, Huifen; Cui, Limin; Liu, Mengling; Yang, Gengxu; Chen, Lijuan. Name: Picolinic acid The article mentions the following:

A novel 1-dimensional chain organic-inorganic hybrid CuII-PrIII heterometallic germanomolybdate decorated by 2-picolinic acid ligands [NH4]2[Pr(H2O)5]2[Cu(pic)2]2[Cu(pic)2(H2O)2]3[α- GeMo12O40]2·24H2O (1) [Hpic = 2-picolinic acid] was obtained via the strategy of combining in-situ assembly reaction and stepwise synthesis in aqueous solution and structurally characterized by IR spectra, elemental analyses, single-crystal x-ray diffraction, and TGA. It should be pointed out that the polyoxoanion unit of 1 consists of two plenary Keggin [α-GeMo12O40]4- anion and an organic-inorganic hybrid 3d-4f heterometallic {[Pr(H2O)5]2[Cu(pic)2]2[Cu(pic)2(H2O)2]3}6+ segment and neighboring polyoxoanion units are further expanded into a 1-dimensional chain alignment by virtue of {Cu(pic)2} linkers. Also, the absorption properties of 1 toward the cationic dye methylene blue (MB) in water solution were studied in detail, which shows a good absorption capacity toward the dye in aqueous solution and the absorption kinetic conforms to the 2nd-order kinetic model. The experimental process involved the reaction of Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Name: Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Name: Picolinic acid

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Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Quality Control of Picolinic acidIn 2019 ,《Detection of Purine Metabolite Uric Acid with Picolinic-Acid-Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks》 appeared in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. The author of the article were Qu, Shumei; Li, Zheng; Jia, Qiong. The article conveys some information:

Uric acid (UA) is a purine metabolite closely related to the metabolic function of human. Fluorescence anal. is a very effective method because of high selectivity and sensitivity but still remains a great challenge for direct UA detection. In this work, a fluorescent sensor based on postfunctionalized metal organic framework (UiO-PSM) was designed focusing on the direct detection of UA. UiO-PSM was synthesized from a zirconium-based MOF (UiO-66-NH2) and 2-picolinic acid (PA) through an amidation reaction. Because UA could quench the fluorescence of UiO-PSM through coordination, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, the sensor could detect UA directly. UiO-PSM exhibited the advantages of short reaction time, high selectivity, high sensitivity, and wide linear range for UA detection. This work provided a novel method for UA detection and had potential application value in clin. diagnosis. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Quality Control of Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Quality Control of Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《The molecular dynamics of bacterial spore and the role of calcium dipicolinate in core properties at the sub-nanosecond time-scale》 were Colas de la Noue, Alexandre; Natali, Francesca; Fekraoui, Fatima; Gervais, Patrick; Martinez, Nicolas; Perrier-Cornet, Jean-Marie; Peters, Judith. And the article was published in Scientific Reports in 2020. Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:

Abstract: Bacterial spores are among the most resistant forms of life on Earth. Their exceptional resistance properties rely on various strategies, among them the core singular structure, organization and hydration. By using elastic incoherent neutron scattering, we probed the dynamics of Bacillus subtilis spores to determine whether core macromol. motions at the sub-nanosecond timescale could also contribute to their resistance to phys. stresses. In addition, in order to better specify the role of the various spore components, we used different mutants lacking essential structure such as the coat (PS4150 mutant), or the calcium dipicolinic acid complex (CaDPA) located in the core (FB122 mutant). PS4150 allows to better probe the core′s dynamics, as proteins of the coat represent an important part of spore proteins, and FB122 gives information about the role of the large CaDPA depot for the mobility of core′s components. We show that core′s macromol. mobility is not particularly constrained at the sub-nanosecond timescale in spite of its low water content as some dynamical characteristics as force constants are very close to those of vegetative bacteria such as Escherichia coli or to those of fully hydrated proteins. Although the force constants of the coatless mutant are similar to the wild-type′s ones, it has lower mean square displacements (MSDs) at high Q showing that core macromols. are somewhat more constrained than the rest of spore components. However, no behavior reflecting the glassy state regularly evoked in the literature could be drawn from our data. As hydration and macromols.′ mobility are highly correlated, the previous assumption, that core low water content might explain spores′ exceptional resistance properties seems unlikely. Thus, we confirm recent theories, suggesting that core water is mostly as free as bulk water and proteins/macromols. are fully hydrated. The germination of spores leads to a much less stable system with a force constant of 0.1 N/m and MSDs ∼2.5 times higher at low Q than in the dormant state. DPA has also an influence on core mobility with a slightly lower force constant for the DPA-less mutant than for the wild-type, and MSDs that are ∼ 1.8 times higher on average than for the wild-type at low Q. At high Q, germinated and DPA-less spores were very similar to the wild-type ones, showing that DPA and core compact structure might influence large amplitude motions rather than local dynamics of macromols. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid

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Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Organic Chromium Form Alleviates the Detrimental Effects of Heat Stress on Nutrient Digestibility and Nutrient Transporters in Laying Hens》 were Orhan, Cemal; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Deeh, Patrick Brice Defo; Sahin, Nurhan; Komorowski, James R.; Sahin, Kazim. And the article was published in Biological Trace Element Research in 2019. Application of 98-98-6 The author mentioned the following in the article:

In the present study, we investigated the effects of chromium-picolinate (CrPic) and chromium-histidinate (CrHis) on nutrient digestibility and nutrient transporters in laying hens exposed to heat stress (HS). Hens (n = 1800; 16 wk old) were kept in cages in temperature-controlled rooms at either 22 ± 2 °C for 24 h/day (thermoneutral (TN)) or 34 ± 2 °C for 8 h/day, from 08:00 to 17:00, followed by 22 °C for 16 h (HS) for 12 wk. Hens reared under both environmental conditions were fed one of three diets: a basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with either 1.600 mg of CrPic (12.43% Cr) or 0.788 mg of CrHis (25.22% Cr) per kg of diet, delivering 200 μg elemental Cr per kg of diet. HS impaired the nutrient digestibility and nutrient transports in laying hens (P < 0.001). However, both Cr sources increased digestibility of dry matter (DM; P < 0.001), organic matter (OM; P < 0.05), crude protein (CP; P < 0.001), and crude fat (CF; P < 0.001). Both Cr sources partially alleviated detrimental effects of HS on fatty acid-binding and transport protein1 (FABP1, FATP1), glucose (SGLT1, GLUT1, GLUT10), protein (PepT1, PepT2), and amino acid transporters (ASCT1, bo,+AT1, CAT1, EAAT1, LAT1) of the ileum (P < 0.0001). The efficacy of Cr as CrHis was more notable than Cr as CrPic, which could be attributed to higher bioavailability. Finally, the detrimental effects of HS on nutrient digestibility and nutrient transporters were alleviated by CrPic and CrHis. These findings may justify the use of CrPic and CrHis in poultry. In the experiment, the researchers used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Application of 98-98-6)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Application of 98-98-6

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Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Micellar catalysed oxidation of hydrophobic fatty alcohol in aqueous medium》 were Acharjee, Animesh; Rakshit, Atanu; Chowdhury, Suman; Datta, Indukamal; Barman, Milan Krishna; Ali, Ansar Md.; Saha, Bidyut. And the article was published in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2019. Electric Literature of C6H5NO2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Oxidation of a hydrophobic fatty alc. was carried out under pseudo 1st order reaction condition in aqueous micellar medium efficiently. In addition to the dissolution of alc. micelles are found to catalyze the oxidation reaction. Use of promoters further enhanced the rate of the reaction with almost instant completion of the reaction via the formation of active oxidants (AO+). The product was confirmed by IR and NMR study. Fluorescence studies and DLS measurements were done to confirm the formation of AO+. NMR studies were carried out to establish the interaction between the surfactants and 1-Octanol. Calculated activation parameters (ΔH≠, ΔS≠) also support the exptl. findings. In addition to this study using Picolinic acid, there are many other studies that have used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Electric Literature of C6H5NO2) was used in this study.

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Electric Literature of C6H5NO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Quality Control of Picolinic acidIn 2021 ,《Induction of Chirality in Supramolecular Coassemblies Built from Achiral Precursors》 was published in Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. The article was written by Yang, Li; Dou, Xiaoqiu; Ding, Chunmei; Feng, Chuanliang. The article contains the following contents:

The emergence, transference, amplification, and memory of chiroptical activity in supramol. assemblies, including circularly polarized absorbance and circularly polarized luminescence, remain significant challenges. Herein, an achiral pyridine-substituted coumarin derivative and chiral additives can coassemble into helical nanostructures with fine chiroptical activity via subtle hydrogen-bonding interactions. The resulting supramol. assemblies remain optically active even after the removal of chiral additives, demonstrating supramol. chirality can be remembered in the assemblies. More importantly, the removed chiral elements can be reused to achieve continuous circulation and amplification of chirality. This work presents insight into the emergence, transference, amplification, and memory of chirality in a supramol. assembly system and could be applied to the manufacturing of chiroptical materials. In addition to this study using Picolinic acid, there are many other studies that have used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Quality Control of Picolinic acid) was used in this study.

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Quality Control of Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Related Products of 98-98-6In 2019 ,《Half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes with α-picolinic acid frameworks and antitumor applications》 appeared in Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry. The author of the article were Hao, Hailong; Liu, Xicheng; Ge, Xingxing; Zhao, Yao; Tian, Xue; Ren, Ting; Wang, Yan; Zhao, Chengfeng; Liu, Zhe. The article conveys some information:

Eight half-sandwich iridiumIII (IrIII) complexes of the general formula [(η5-Cpxbiph)Ir(ON̂)Cl] (Cpxbiph is tetramethyl(biphenyl)cyclopentadienyl, and the ON̂ is α-picolinic acid chelating ligand and its derivatives) were synthesized and characterized. Compared with cis-platin widely used in clinic, target IrIII complexes showed at most five times more potent antitumor activity against A549 cells by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. IrIII complexes could be transported by serum albumin, bind with DNA, catalyze the oxidation of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotid (NADH) and induce the production of reactive oxygen species, which confirmed the antitumor mechanism of oxidation IrIII complexes could enter A549 cells followed by an energy-dependent cellular uptake mechanism, meanwhile, target the mitochondria and lysosomes with the Pearson’s colocalization coefficient of 0.33 and 0.74, resp., lead to the lysosomal destruction and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and eventually induce apoptosis. In addition to this study using Picolinic acid, there are many other studies that have used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Related Products of 98-98-6) was used in this study.

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Related Products of 98-98-6

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Seki, Tomotaka; Takeda, Kosuke; Nakayama, Akira published an article in Journal of Physical Chemistry C. The title of the article was 《Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Adsorption Structures of Picolinic Acid at the Water/CeO2 Interface》.Safety of Picolinic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:

An improved understanding of the water/CeO2 interface at the mol. level is critical for developing new applications and materials. In this study, ab initio mol. dynamics (AIMD) simulations were carried out to investigate the adsorption structures of picolinic acid on the CeO2(111) surface in an aqueous environment. Exploration of the adsorption structures of picolinic acid using d. functional theory methods revealed that the N atom of the pyridine ring and the carboxy group are the main adsorption sites. In addition to the monodentate and bidentate adsorption structures, which have been proposed for adsorption structures of carboxylic acids in previous studies, we also found a unique chemisorbed structure in which the C atom of the carboxy group bonds to a surface O atom (C-OS bond). AIMD simulations in an aqueous environment showed that this chemisorbed structure with the C-OS bond spontaneously releases a hydroxide ion from the carboxy group. Exptl. IR spectra also supported this observation. These findings suggest that picolinic acid forms various adsorption structures at the water/CeO2 interface, which could change the reactivity of the CeO2 surface. In addition to this study using Picolinic acid, there are many other studies that have used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Safety of Picolinic acid) was used in this study.

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Safety of Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem