The author of 《The molecular dynamics of bacterial spore and the role of calcium dipicolinate in core properties at the sub-nanosecond time-scale》 were Colas de la Noue, Alexandre; Natali, Francesca; Fekraoui, Fatima; Gervais, Patrick; Martinez, Nicolas; Perrier-Cornet, Jean-Marie; Peters, Judith. And the article was published in Scientific Reports in 2020. Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:
Abstract: Bacterial spores are among the most resistant forms of life on Earth. Their exceptional resistance properties rely on various strategies, among them the core singular structure, organization and hydration. By using elastic incoherent neutron scattering, we probed the dynamics of Bacillus subtilis spores to determine whether core macromol. motions at the sub-nanosecond timescale could also contribute to their resistance to phys. stresses. In addition, in order to better specify the role of the various spore components, we used different mutants lacking essential structure such as the coat (PS4150 mutant), or the calcium dipicolinic acid complex (CaDPA) located in the core (FB122 mutant). PS4150 allows to better probe the core′s dynamics, as proteins of the coat represent an important part of spore proteins, and FB122 gives information about the role of the large CaDPA depot for the mobility of core′s components. We show that core′s macromol. mobility is not particularly constrained at the sub-nanosecond timescale in spite of its low water content as some dynamical characteristics as force constants are very close to those of vegetative bacteria such as Escherichia coli or to those of fully hydrated proteins. Although the force constants of the coatless mutant are similar to the wild-type′s ones, it has lower mean square displacements (MSDs) at high Q showing that core macromols. are somewhat more constrained than the rest of spore components. However, no behavior reflecting the glassy state regularly evoked in the literature could be drawn from our data. As hydration and macromols.′ mobility are highly correlated, the previous assumption, that core low water content might explain spores′ exceptional resistance properties seems unlikely. Thus, we confirm recent theories, suggesting that core water is mostly as free as bulk water and proteins/macromols. are fully hydrated. The germination of spores leads to a much less stable system with a force constant of 0.1 N/m and MSDs ∼2.5 times higher at low Q than in the dormant state. DPA has also an influence on core mobility with a slightly lower force constant for the DPA-less mutant than for the wild-type, and MSDs that are ∼ 1.8 times higher on average than for the wild-type at low Q. At high Q, germinated and DPA-less spores were very similar to the wild-type ones, showing that DPA and core compact structure might influence large amplitude motions rather than local dynamics of macromols. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid)
Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid