On October 31, 1994, Satoh, Hideharu; Ohno, Hiroyuki; Tokuda, Koichi; Ohsaka, Takeo published an article.Quality Control of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide The title of the article was A study on diffusional behavior of propyl viologen in poly(ethylene oxide) polymer solvents based on a combined use of steady-state cyclic voltammetry and potential-step chronoamperometry. And the article contained the following:
The diffusion coefficient (DPV2+) and the concentration (CaPV2+) of the actually electroactive PV2+ in the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO, average mol. weight: 400) media containing 0.1M LiClO4 and various concentrations of propylviologen dibromide (PVBr2) could be sep. estimated without previous knowledge of either, based on a combined use of steady-state cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber electrodes (diameter: 9 μm) and potential-step chronoamperometry at glassy carbon electrodes (diameter: 1 mm) as a function of PVBr2 concentration (CPV2+ = 2-20mM) and temperature (10-60°). Both CaPV2+ and DPV2+ significantly varied with CPV2+. CPV2+ values were smaller than CPV2+, indicating that all of the dissolved PVBr2 are not actually electroactive. DPV2+ decreased with increasing CPV2+ (and CaPV2+), and the charge transport in the PEO matrix thus occurs not via the electron-hopping process between PV2+ and PV+ (the monocation state of PV2+), but via the phys. diffusion of PV2+. Further, it became apparent that at CPV2+ > 5mM the temperature dependence of DPV2+ is not the Arrhenius type and follows the VTF equation, i.e., PV2+ ions are transported along with the segmental motion of the PEO chains. Based on the DSC measurements of the PEO-LiClO4 (0.1M)-PVBr2 complexes, their glass transition temperatures decrease with increasing CPV2+, suggesting that PVBr2 function as a plasticizer. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide(cas: 52243-87-5).Quality Control of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide
The Article related to propylviologen diffusion peo, redox electrochem propylviologen peo lithium perchlorate, Electrochemistry: Electrodes, Electrode Reactions, and Electrode Potentials and other aspects.Quality Control of 1,1′-Dipropyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium bromide