Tag: 100-200

Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridineIn 2019 ,《Highly Chemoselective gem-Difluoropropargylation of Aliphatic Alcohols》 appeared in Chemistry – A European Journal. The author of the article were Okamura, Toshitaka; Egoshi, Syusuke; Dodo, Kosuke; Sodeoka, Mikiko; Iwabuchi, Yoshiharu; Kanoh, Naoki. The article conveys some information:

α,α-Difluoropropargyl ethers were prepared by complexation of 3-bromo-3,3-difluoro-1-alkynes with dicobalt octacarbonyl, etherification with alcs. and decomplexation. Despite the potential of α-fluoroethers in medicinal chem., their synthetic methods, especially etherification of aliphatic alcs., have been limited. Herein, we developed two- and three-step gem-difluoropropargylation of aliphatic alcs. including amino acid derivatives and naturally occurring bioactive mols. Highly chemoselective etherification proceeded by using the gem-difluoropropargyl bromide dicobalt complex in the presence of silver triflate and triethylamine. Decomplexation of dicobalt complexes was achieved by using cerium ammonium nitrate or N,N,N’-trimethylethylenediamine. The thus obtained gem-difluoropropargyl ethers were converted to various α-difluoroethers which are expected to be useful for medicinal chem. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine(cas: 103-74-2Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine)

2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine(cas: 103-74-2) belongs to pyridine. The basicity and metallophilic high donor number of these π-deficient systems has long favored them as ligands in metal catalysis. The last decade saw pyridine assume a stronger role as functional group for directed C–H oxidation/activation.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Makarian, Makar; Gonzalez, Michael; Salvador, Stephanie M.; Lorzadeh, Shahrokh; Hudson, Paula K.; Pecic, Stevan published an article in Journal of Molecular Structure. The title of the article was 《Synthesis, kinetic evaluation and molecular docking studies of donepezil-based acetylcholinesterase inhibitors》.Computed Properties of C6H4BrNO The author mentioned the following in the article:

In an effort to develop new therapeutic agents to treat Alzheimer′s disease, a series of donepezil-based analogs were designed, synthesized using an environmentally friendly route, and biol. evaluated for their inhibitory activity against elec. eel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme. In vitro studies revealed that the Ph moiety of donepezil can be successfully replaced with a pyridine ring leading to equally potent inhibitors of elec. eel AChE. Further kinetic evaluations of the most potent inhibitor showed a dual-binding (mixed inhibition) mode, similar to donepezil. Mol. modeling studies suggest that several addnl. residues could be involved in the binding of this inhibitor in the human AChE enzyme active site compared to donepezil. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0Computed Properties of C6H4BrNO)

2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Computed Properties of C6H4BrNO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Xu, Siqiong; Wang, Xiao; Zhang, Fuyin; Jiang, Yinhu; Zhang, Yanting; Cheng, Minggen; Yan, Xin; Hong, Qing; He, Jian; Qiu, Jiguo published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《PicR as a MarR family transcriptional repressor multiply controls the transcription of picolinic acid degradation gene cluster pic in Alcaligenes faecalis JQ135》, and you may find the article in Applied and Environmental Microbiology.Formula: C6H5NO2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Picolinic acid (PA) is a natural toxic pyridine derivative as well as an important intermediate used in the chem. industry. In a previous study, we identified a gene cluster, pic, that responsible for the catabolism of PA in Alcaligenes faecalis JQ135. However, the transcriptional regulation of the pic cluster remains known. This study showed that the entire pic cluster was composed of 17 genes and transcribed as four operons: picR, picCDEF, picB4B3B2B1, and picT1A1A2A3T2T3MN. Deletion of picR, encoding a putative MarR-type regulator, greatly shortened the lag phase of PA degradation An electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting showed that PicR has one binding site in the picR-picC intergenic region and two binding sites in the picB-picT1 intergenic region. The DNA sequences of the three binding sites have the palindromic characteristics of TCAG-N4-CTNN: the space consists of four nonspecific bases, and the four palindromic bases on the left and the first two palindromic bases on the right are strictly conserved, while the last two bases on the right vary among the three binding sites. An in vivo β-galactosidase activity reporter assay indicated that 6-hydroxypicolinic acid but not PA acted as a ligand of PicR, preventing PicR from binding to promoter regions and thus derepressing the transcription of the pic cluster. This study revealed the neg. transcriptional regulation mechanism of PA degradation by PicR in A. faecalis JQ135 and provides new insights into the structure and function of the MarR-type regulator. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Formula: C6H5NO2)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Formula: C6H5NO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Zhang, Jing-Tao; Wang, Li-Xia; Yang, Feng-Min; Yang, Luo; Liu, Yan; Tang, Ya-Lin published their research in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2021. The article was titled 《Selective recognition of DNA parallel G-quadruplexes by 3,8a-disubstituted indolizinones》.Synthetic Route of C7H5N The article contains the following contents:

Owing to its potential biol. relevance, DNA G-quadruplex has been considered as a prospective anti-cancer target. Some known G-quadruplex-interactive N-containing compounds with low cytotoxicity have become prospective anticancer drugs. Here we reported a new type of N-containing alkaloids 3,8a-disubstituted indolizinones, and investigated their substituent effects at 3- and 8a-positions in targeting to DNA c-myc G-quadruplex. And then we used 3-naphtyl-8a-(pyridin-2-yl) substrate I8 as an example, and investigated its ability in targeting to DNA parallel G-quadruplexes in vitro. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Synthetic Route of C7H5N)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Synthetic Route of C7H5N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Boejewicz, Daria; Witt, Katarzyna; Kaczorowska, Malgorzata A. published their research in Desalination and Water Treatment in 2021. The article was titled 《The comparison of the removal of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions from aqueous solution using 2,6-diaminopyridine in a polymer inclusion membrane and in a classic solvent extraction》.Product Details of 141-86-6 The article contains the following contents:

In this work, the recovery of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions from aqueous solutions using solvent extraction and polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) was compared. 2,6-Diaminopyridine was used as an extractant in solvent extraction and as a carrier in PIMs. The characteristic parameters of these two processes were determined The results of all the experiments were processed and, addnl., standard deviations were calculated The percentage of extraction was dependent on the ligand concentration in the organic phase. For solvent extraction, the highest extraction percentage was 83.53% for copper(II) ions and 93.12% for zinc(II) ions. In the case of application of the PIM containing 20 weight% of 2,6-diaminopyridine as a carrier, the highest recovery factor determined after 24 h was 72.81% for copper(II) ions and 93.65% for zinc(II) ions, resp. The stability constants of its complexes of 2,6-diaminopyridine with copper(II) and zinc(II) ions were determined spectrophotometrically. Electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry was applied for the confirmation of the ability of 2,6-diaminopyridine to form complexes with Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions in solutions and for determination of the elemental composition of these complexes. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6Product Details of 141-86-6)

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.Product Details of 141-86-6

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《New Radical Borylation Pathways for Organoboron Synthesis Enabled by Photoredox Catalysis》 was written by Qi, Jing; Zhang, Feng-Lian; Jin, Ji-Kang; Zhao, Qiang; Li, Bin; Liu, Lin-Xuan; Wang, Yi-Feng. Safety of 4-Cyanopyridine And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Radical borylation using N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-BH3 complexes as boryl radical precursors has emerged as an important synthetic tool for organoboron assembly. However, the majority of reported methods are limited to reaction modes involving carbo- and/or hydroboration of specific alkenes and alkynes. Moreover, the generation of NHC-boryl radicals relies principally on hydrogen atom abstraction with the aid of radical initiators. A distinct radical generation method is reported, as well as the reaction pathways of NHC-boryl radicals enabled by photoredox catalysis. NHC-boryl radicals are generated via a single-electron oxidation and subsequently undergo cross-coupling with the in-situ-generated radical anions to yield gem-difluoroallylboronates. A photoredox-catalyzed radical arylboration reaction of alkenes was achieved using cyanoarenes as arylating components from which elaborated organoborons were accessed. Mechanistic studies verified the oxidative formation of NHC-boryl radicals through a single-electron-transfer pathway.4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1Safety of 4-Cyanopyridine) was used in this study.

4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1) belongs to pyridine. When pyridine is adsorbed on oxide surfaces or in porous materials, the following species are commonly observed: (i) pyridine coordinated to Lewis acid sites, (ii) pyridine H-bonded to weakly acidic hydroxyls, and (iii) protonated pyridine. At high coverage, physisorbed pyridine and protonated dimers can also be observed.Safety of 4-Cyanopyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Efficacy and tolerability of a nutraceutical combination of red yeast rice, guggulipid, and chromium picolinate evaluated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.》 were Iskandar, Irene; Harahap, Yahdiana; Wijayanti, Tri Rahayu; Sandra, Monika; Prasaja, Budi; Cahyaningsih, Prawitasari. And the article was published in Complementary therapies in medicine in 2019. Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:

Hypercholesterolemia is the major risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries worldwide. An increasing attention is now paid to nutraceuticals development for prevention and cure of dyslipidemia, especially for patients who do not wish to use chemical statins. The cholesterol lowering effect and the tolerability of NutraforChol®, a nutraceutical product containing red yeast rice extract, guggulipid extract and chromium picolinate, was evaluated on subjects who had total cholesterol level 200-239 mg/dL and LDL cholesterol level 100-159 mg/dL. In this study, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study which consisted of 4 weeks run-in period and 8 weeks treatment period was performed. Based on the study results, NutraforChol® effectively decreased total cholesterol (-15.9 %) and LDL level (-19.9 %) after two weeks consumption. The total cholesterol and LDL reduction were maintained during 8 weeks study period. At study termination (week 8), there was a significant difference between total cholesterol level of NutraforChol® treated group (173.5 ± 21.7 mg/dL) and placebo-treated group (204.5 ± 22.8 mg/dL) (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between LDL level at week 8 in NutraforChol® group (115.5 ± 22.2 mg/dL) and placebo-treated group (145.1 ± 23.7 mg/dL) (p < 0.05). The tolerability of NutraforChol® was also evaluated. There were no significant changes (p > 0.05) on renal and liver function parameters between baseline and study termination. Thus, NutraforChol® may be considered as a complementary or alternative safe nutraceuticals for the treatment of mild dyslipidemic subjects. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Selective high capacity adsorption of Au(III) from aqueous solution by poly(glycidyl methacrylate) functionalized with 2,6-diaminopyridine》 were Zhang, Bing; Wang, Shixing; Fu, Likang; Zhang, Libo; Zhao, Jiling; Wang, Chen. And the article was published in Polymer Bulletin (Heidelberg, Germany) in 2019. Safety of 2,6-Diaminopyridine The author mentioned the following in the article:

A new adsorbent was synthesized by functionalizing poly(glycidyl methacrylate) with 2,6-diaminopyridine for the selective adsorption of Au(III) from aqueous solution The fourier transform IR spectrometer, XPS and scanning electron microscope demonstrated that 2,6-diaminopyridine was successfully grafted onto poly(glycidyl methacrylate). The batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption abilities of the adsorbent. The results show that the adsorbent exhibits high adsorption capacity (459.29 mg/g) for Au(III) at pH 4. The adsorption process of Au(III) are well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm is well-obeyed Langmuir and D-R models. The calculated thermodn. parameters of the adsorption process are: ΔG0 = – 24.2 kJ/mol; ΔH0 = 37.0 kJ/mol; ΔS0 = 205.4 J/mol K. The adsorbent is interacted with Au(III) through chelation and ion exchange between the amines groups and Au(III). Moreover, the adsorbent shows good selectivity from the interfering ions and can be reused at least five times. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6Safety of 2,6-Diaminopyridine)

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.Safety of 2,6-Diaminopyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2019,Journal of the Indian Chemical Society included an article by Sridevi, B.; Venkatesh, D.; Chitra, M.. Recommanded Product: 141-86-6. The article was titled 《Calculation of activation energy for unsaturated polyamide using fumaric acid and 2,6-diaminopyridine by modified Higashi-Yamazaki phosphorylation method》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

With a view to examine the modification of polymer characteristics by the introduction of heterocyclic units in the polymer backbone it was proposed to synthesize and characterize unsaturated polyamides involving 2,6-diaminiopyridine and fumaric acid. Though the synthesis of these polyamide has been reported earlier by interfacial method, there is no systematic study seems to have been done to evaluate the kinetic parameters and biol. activity. In the present paper phosphorylation technique was employed to prepare the unsaturated polyamide and the results compared with the maleic acid to show the effect of cis-trans isomerism in thermal studies. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6Recommanded Product: 141-86-6)

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.Recommanded Product: 141-86-6

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2019,Composites, Part B: Engineering included an article by Mohamadi, Mohadese; Kowsari, Elaheh; Haddadi-Asl, Vahid; Yousefzadeh, Maryam. Formula: C5H7N3. The article was titled 《Fabrication, characterization and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of covalently modified reduced graphene oxide based on dinuclear cobalt complex》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

We are reporting on well-designed single-layered and gradient concentration triple-layered microwave-absorbing composites based on functionalized reduced graphene oxide (FRGO). The RGO-[Co2L2Cl3]Cl, called FRGO, was fabricated through systematic exptl. efforts by the covalent attachment of the 2,6-diamino-3-[(2-carboxylicacid) phenylazo]-pyridine (L)/Cobalt (Co) complex with graphene oxide (GO) functionalities. The formation of FRGO was proven by a series of characterization techniques, such as XPS, FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and TEM. The consideration of RGO-[Co2L2Cl3]Cl as a highly efficient microwave-absorbing material is a result of its magnetoelec. synergistic effect, impedance match, and multiple scattering. The maximum reflection loss (RL) of single-layered an RGO-[Co2L2Cl3]Cl/epoxy resin composite can reach -16.32 dB at 8.69 GHz, which corresponds to a composite with 30 wt % absorber loading and a thickness of 4.5 mm. For the triple-layered composite with increasing mass percentage (10-20-30 wt %) of RGO-[Co2L2Cl3]Cl in the direction of microwave propagation, the maximum reflection loss value of -34.9 dB can be achieved at 10.69 GHz, with a coating layer thickness of 4.5 mm. The result demonstrates that the RGO-[Co2L2Cl3]Cl/epoxy resin composites of both models can be ideal microwave-absorbing candidates for application in the X-band. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6Formula: C5H7N3)

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.Formula: C5H7N3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem