Tag: 100-200

In 2017,Zhang, Fangfang; Yao, Qiyi; Yuan, Yang; Xu, Murong; Kong, Lingkai; Li, Yanzhong published 《Base-mediated insertion reaction of alkynes into carbon-carbon σ-bonds of ethanones: synthesis of hydroxydienone and chromone derivatives》.Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry published the findings.Computed Properties of C6H4BrNO The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Transition-metal free insertions of alkynes into C-C σ-bonds of ethanones are reported. These tandem reactions offer an efficient synthesis of hydroxydienones and multi-substituted chromones. This is the 1st example of base-promoted insertion reactions of isolated C-C triple bonds into C-C σ-bonds with active methylene compounds bearing only one electron-withdrawing group. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0Computed Properties of C6H4BrNO)

2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0) belongs to pyridine. Pyridines are often used as catalysts or reagents; particular notice has been paid recently to how pyridine coordinates to metal centers enabling a wide range of valuable reactions. Computed Properties of C6H4BrNO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2015,Schimler, Sydonie D.; Ryan, Sarah J.; Bland, Douglas C.; Anderson, John E.; Sanford, Melanie S. published 《Anhydrous Tetramethylammonium Fluoride for Room-Temperature SNAr Fluorination》.Journal of Organic Chemistry published the findings.Recommanded Product: 53939-30-3 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

This paper describes the room-temperature SNAr fluorination of aryl halides and nitroarenes using anhydrous tetramethylammonium fluoride (NMe4F). This reagent effectively converts aryl-X (X = Cl, Br, I, NO2, OTf) to aryl-F under mild conditions (often room temperature). Substrates for this reaction include electron-deficient heteroaromatics (22 examples) and arenes (5 examples). The relative rates of the reactions vary with X as well as with the structure of the substrate. However, in general, substrates bearing X = NO2 or Br react fastest. In all cases examined, the yields of these reactions are comparable to or better than those obtained with CsF at elevated temperatures (i.e., more traditional halex fluorination conditions). The reactions also afford comparable yields on scales ranging from 100 mg to 10 g. A cost anal. is presented, which shows that fluorination with NMe4F is generally more cost-effective than fluorination with CsF. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Bromo-2-chloropyridine(cas: 53939-30-3Recommanded Product: 53939-30-3)

5-Bromo-2-chloropyridine(cas: 53939-30-3) belongs to pyridine. When pyridine is adsorbed on oxide surfaces or in porous materials, the following species are commonly observed: (i) pyridine coordinated to Lewis acid sites, (ii) pyridine H-bonded to weakly acidic hydroxyls, and (iii) protonated pyridine. At high coverage, physisorbed pyridine and protonated dimers can also be observed.Recommanded Product: 53939-30-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2011,Feng, Li; Geisselbrecht, Yann; Blanck, Sebastian; Wilbuer, Alexander; Atilla-Gokcumen, G. Ekin; Filippakopoulos, Panagis; Kraling, Katja; Celik, Mehmet Ali; Harms, Klaus; Maksimoska, Jasna; Marmorstein, Ronen; Frenking, Gernot; Knapp, Stefan; Essen, Lars-Oliver; Meggers, Eric published 《Structurally Sophisticated Octahedral Metal Complexes as Highly Selective Protein Kinase Inhibitors》.Journal of the American Chemical Society published the findings.Application of 13534-97-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The generation of synthetic compounds with exclusive target specificity is an extraordinary challenge of mol. recognition and demands novel design strategies, in particular for large and homologous protein families such as protein kinases with more than 500 members. Simple organic mols. often do not reach the necessary sophistication to fulfill this task. Here, we present six carefully tailored, stable metal-containing compounds in which unique and defined mol. geometries with natural-product-like structural complexity are constructed around octahedral ruthenium(II) or iridium(III) metal centers. Each of the six reported metal compounds displays high selectivity for an individual protein kinase, namely GSK3α, PAK1, PIM1, DAPK1, MLCK, and FLT4. Although being conventional ATP-competitive inhibitors, the combination of the unusual globular shape and rigidity characteristics, of these compounds facilitates the design of highly selective protein kinase inhibitors. Unique structural features of the octahedral coordination geometry allow novel interactions with the glycine-rich loop, which contribute significantly to binding potencies and selectivities. The sensitive correlation between metal coordination sphere and inhibition properties suggests that in this design, the metal is located at a “”hot spot”” within the ATP binding pocket, not too close to the hinge region where globular space is unavailable, and at the same time not too far out toward the solvent where the octahedral coordination sphere would not have a significant impact on potency and selectivity. This study thus demonstrates that inert (stable) octahedral metal complexes are sophisticated structural scaffolds for the design of highly selective chem. probes.6-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 13534-97-9Application of 13534-97-9) was used in this study.

6-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 13534-97-9) belongs to anime. Amines characteristically form salts with acids; a hydrogen ion, H+, adds to the nitrogen. With the strong mineral acids (e.g., H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl), the reaction is vigorous. Salt formation is instantly reversed by strong bases such as NaOH. Neutral electrophiles (compounds attracted to regions of negative charge) also react with amines; alkyl halides (R′X) and analogous alkylating agents are important examples of electrophilic reagents.Application of 13534-97-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Hansen, Helge-Boj; Wadepohl, Hubert; Enders, Markus published their research in Chemistry – A European Journal on August 2 ,2021. The article was titled 《The Stronger the Better: Donor Substituents Push Catalytic Activity of Molecular Chromium Olefin Polymerization Catalysts》.Computed Properties of C6H8N2 The article contains the following contents:

The donor strength of bifunctional pyridine-cyclopentadienyl ligands was altered systematically by the introduction of donating groups in the para-position of the pyridine. In the resulting chromium complexes an almost linear correlation between donor strength and the nitrogen-chromium distance as well as the electronic absorption maximum is exptl. observed The connection of electron-donating groups in the ligand backbone leads to an efficient transfer of the electronic influences to the catalytically active metal center without restricting it through steric effects. Therefore, catalytic olefin polymerization activity, which is already very high for the previously studied catalysts, increase considerably by attaching para-amino groups to the chelating pyridine or quinoline, resp. Combining electron-rich indenyl ligands with para-amino substituted pyridines lead to the highest catalytic activities observed so far for this class of organo chromium olefin polymerization catalysts. The resulting polymers are of ultra-high mol. weight and the ability of the catalysts to incorporate co-monomers is also very high. In the experiment, the researchers used 4-Amino-2-picoline(cas: 18437-58-6Computed Properties of C6H8N2)

4-Amino-2-picoline(cas: 18437-58-6) belongs to anime. Amines characteristically form salts with acids; a hydrogen ion, H+, adds to the nitrogen. With the strong mineral acids (e.g., H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl), the reaction is vigorous. Salt formation is instantly reversed by strong bases such as NaOH. Neutral electrophiles (compounds attracted to regions of negative charge) also react with amines; alkyl halides (R′X) and analogous alkylating agents are important examples of electrophilic reagents.Computed Properties of C6H8N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Formula: C5H5BrN2On May 19, 2022 ,《Base-Mediated Remote Deuteration of N-Heteroarenes – Broad Scope and Mechanism》 appeared in European Journal of Organic Chemistry. The author of the article were Kopf, Sara; Liu, Jiali; Franke, Robert; Jiao, Haijun; Neumann, Helfried; Beller, Matthias. The article conveys some information:

Using KOtBu as base and DMSO-d6 as deuterium source, a general and applicable method was presented for the selective deuteration of a set of nitrogen-containing heterocycles (pyridines, azines and bioactive mols.). Exptl. and DFT mechanistic studies indicated that this reaction proceeded via deprotonation of the substrates by the dimsyl anion. The relative thermodn. stability of the heterocycle anions determines the distribution and degree of deuteration. In the experiment, the researchers used 2-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 39856-58-1Formula: C5H5BrN2)

2-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 39856-58-1) belongs to anime. The methylamines occur in small amounts in some plants. Many polyfunctional amines (i.e., those having other functional groups in the molecule) occur as alkaloids in plants—for example, mescaline, 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine; the cyclic amines nicotine, atropine, morphine, and cocaine; and the quaternary salt choline, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride, which is present in nerve synapses and in plant and animal cells.Formula: C5H5BrN2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Name: 2-Bromopyridin-3-amineOn May 3, 2020 ,《Synthesis of [3.4]-Spirooxindoles through Cascade Carbopalladation of Skipped Dienes》 appeared in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis. The author of the article were Azizollahi, Hamid; Perez-Gomez, Marta; Mehta, Vaibhav P.; Garcia-Lopez, Jose-Antonio. The article conveys some information:

A synthetic route to [3.4]-spirooxindoles based on cascade carbopalladation reactions of 1,4-dienes was described. While carbopalladation of alkenes have been used to access mainly [4.4]- or [4.5]-spirocycles, 4-exo-trig carbopalladation was not been yet applied to the synthesis of relevant [3.4]-spirooxindole scaffolds bearing a cyclobutyl ring. In addition, the cascade reaction generates an exocyclic double bond that can serve as a platform to further diversify the substitution pattern of the spirooxindole nuclei. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 39856-58-1Name: 2-Bromopyridin-3-amine)

2-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 39856-58-1) belongs to anime.Typically the presence of an amine functional group is deduced by a combination of techniques, including mass spectrometry as well as NMR and IR spectroscopies. 1H NMR signals for amines disappear upon treatment of the sample with D2O. In their infrared spectrum primary amines exhibit two N-H bands, whereas secondary amines exhibit only one.Name: 2-Bromopyridin-3-amine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Name: (6-Chloro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)boronic acidOn March 27, 2014, Fontaine, Fanny; Hequet, Arnaud; Voisin-Chiret, Anne-Sophie; Bouillon, Alexandre; Lesnard, Aurelien; Cresteil, Thierry; Jolivalt, Claude; Rault, Sylvain published an article in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The article was 《First identification of boronic species as novel potential inhibitors of the Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump》. The article mentions the following:

Overexpression of efflux pumps is an important mechanism of bacterial resistance that results in the extrusion of antimicrobial agents outside the bacterial cell. Inhibition of such pumps appears to be a promising strategy that could restore the potency of existing antibiotics. The NorA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus confers resistance to a wide range of unrelated substrates, such as hydrophilic fluoroquinolones, leading to a multidrug-resistance phenotype. Here, 150 heterocyclic boronic species were evaluated for their activity against susceptible and resistant strains of S. aureus. Twenty-four hit compounds, although inactive when tested alone, were found to potentiate ciprofloxacin activity by a 4-fold increase at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 8 μg/mL against S. aureus 1199B, which overexpresses NorA. Boron-free analogs showed no biol. activity, thus revealing that the boron atom is crucial for biol. activity. This work describes the first reported efflux pump inhibitory activity of boronic acid derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used (6-Chloro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)boronic acid(cas: 1003043-40-0Name: (6-Chloro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)boronic acid)

(6-Chloro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)boronic acid(cas: 1003043-40-0) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Additionally, pyridine-based natural products continue to be discovered and studied for their properties and to understand their biosynthesis.Name: (6-Chloro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)boronic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《Thermal studies of unsaturated aliphatic-heterocyclic polyamides》 was written by Sridevi, B.; Vijayakumar, R.. Safety of 2,6-DiaminopyridineThis research focused onunsaturated aliphatic heterocyclic polyamide thermal property. The article conveys some information:

Thermal anal. provides important information on the temperature dependent properties of materials and on thermally induced process (phase transition, decomposition, etc.). Thermal anal. is advantageous as it gives a general view of the thermal behavior of material under various conditions and requires a small amount of sample. Thermogravimetry anal. of synthesized unsaturated polymer using 2,6-diaminopyridine and maleic acid has been carried out in the temperature range of 40-500°C. The thermogravimetric data was analyzed by Murray and White, Coats and Redfern, Doyles and Freeman and Carroll’s method to calculate energy of activation. Different kinetic parameters were determined from Freeman and Carroll’s method and reported.2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6Safety of 2,6-Diaminopyridine) was used in this study.

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.Safety of 2,6-Diaminopyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《Self-Assembly of a Bilayer 2D Supramolecular Organic Framework in Water》 was written by Yang, Bo; Yu, Shang-Bo; Zhang, Pan-Qing; Wang, Ze-Kun; Qi, Qiao-Yan; Wang, Xu-Qing; Xu, Xun-Hui; Yang, Hai-Bo; Wu, Zong-Quan; Liu, Yi; Ma, Da; Li, Zhan-Ting. Category: pyridine-derivativesThis research focused onzinc porphyrin supramol organic framework self assembly; 2D bilayers; cucurbit[8]uril; porphyrins; self-assembly; supramolecular organic frameworks. The article conveys some information:

Accurate control of the layer number of orderly stacked 2D polymers has been an unsettled challenge in self-assembly. Herein we describe the fabrication of a bilayer 2D supramol. organic framework from a monolayer 2D supramol. organic framework in water by utilizing the cooperative coordination of a rod-like bipyridine ligands to zinc porphyrin subunits of the monolayer network. The monolayer supramol. framework is prepared from the co-assembly of an octacationic zinc porphyrin monomer and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in water through CB[8]-encapsulation-promoted dimerization of 4-phenylpyridiunium subunits that the zinc porphyrin monomer bear. The bilayer 2D supramol. organic framework exhibits structural regularity in both solution and the solid state, which is characterized by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopic techniques. Atomic force microscopic imaging confirms that the bilayer character of the 2D supramol. organic framework can be realized selectively on the micrometer scale. In addition to this study using 4-Ethynylpyridine, there are many other studies that have used 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Category: pyridine-derivatives) was used in this study.

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Additionally, pyridine-based natural products continue to be discovered and studied for their properties and to understand their biosynthesis.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《Picolinic acid spray stimulates the antioxidative metabolism and minimizes impairments on photosynthesis on wheat leaves infected by Pyricularia oryzae》 was written by Aucique-Perez, Carlos Eduardo; Resende, Renata Sousa; Neto, Lara Beatriz Cruz; Dornelas, Fernanda; DaMatta, Fabio Murilo; Rodrigues, Fabricio Avila. Synthetic Route of C6H5NO2This research focused onTriticum Pyricularia picolinic acid blast antioxidative metabolism photosynthesis leaf. The article conveys some information:

Fungal pathogens produce toxins that are important for their pathogenesis and/or aggressiveness towards their hosts. Picolinic acid (PA), a non-host selective toxin, causes lesions on rice leaves resembling those originated from Pyricularia oryzae infection. Considering that non-host selective toxins can be useful for plant diseases control, this study investigated whether the foliar spray with PA on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants, in a non-phytotoxic concentration, could increase their resistance to blast, stimulate the anti-oxidative metabolism, and minimize alterations in photosynthesis. The PA spray at concentrations greater than 0.1 mg ml-1 caused foliar lesions, compromised the photosynthesis and was linked with greater accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion radical (O2•-). Fungal mycelial growth, conidia production and germination decreased by PA at 0.3 mg ml-1. Blast severity was significantly reduced by 59 and 23%, resp., at 72 and 96 h after inoculation for plants sprayed with PA (0.1 mg ml-1) at 24 h before fungal inoculation compared to non-sprayed plants. Reduction on blast symptoms was linked with increases on ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), glutathione reductase (EC 1.8.1.7), glutathione-S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18), peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activities, lower H2O2 and O2•- accumulation, reduced malondialdehyde production as well as less impairments to the photosynthetic apparatus A more efficient antioxidative metabolism that rapidly scavenges the reactive oxygen species generated during P. oryzae infection, without dramatically decreasing the photosynthetic performance, was a remarkable effect obtained with PA spray. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Synthetic Route of C6H5NO2)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Synthetic Route of C6H5NO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem