Tag: 100-200

Azaindenoisoquinolines as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors and Potential Anticancer Agents: A Systematic Study of Structure-Activity Relationships was written by Kiselev, Evgeny;Agama, Keli;Pommier, Yves;Cushman, Mark. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.Computed Properties of C7H5ClN2 This article mentions the following:

A comprehensive study of a series of azaindenoisoquinoline topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors is reported. The synthetic pathways have been developed to prepare 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-azaindenoisoquinolines. The present study shows that 7-azaindenoisoquinolines possess the greatest Top1 inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity. Addnl., the introduction of a methoxy group into the D-ring of 7-azaindenoisoquinolines improved their biol. activities, leading to new lead mols. for further development. A series of QM calculations were performed on the model “sandwich” complexes of azaindenoisoquinolines with flanking DNA base pairs from the Drug-Top1-DNA ternary complex. The results of these calculations demonstrate how changes in two forces contributing to the π-π stacking (dispersion and charge-transfer interactions) affect the binding of the drug to the Top1-DNA cleavage complex and thus modulate the drug’s Top1 inhibitory activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloro-4-methylpyridine-3-carbonitrile (cas: 65169-38-2Computed Properties of C7H5ClN2).

2-Chloro-4-methylpyridine-3-carbonitrile (cas: 65169-38-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Computed Properties of C7H5ClN2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

GC-MS analysis of the composition of petroleum ether extract from stem of Panax japonicus was written by Lai, Pu-hui;Tian, Guang-hui;Gao, Yan-ni;Cai, Chun-yu;Liu, Cun-fang. And the article was included in Anhui Nongye Kexue in 2008.SDS of cas: 28020-37-3 This article mentions the following:

The study was to provide the basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of the stem of Panax japonicus in Qinba Mountains. With petroleum as solvent, the petroleum extraction from the powder of wild P. japonicus stem in Qinba Mountains extracted by ultrasonic, and its composition was separated and identified by GC-MS anal. 49 Compounds were separated and identified in the petroleum extraction of the stem of P.japonicus, and the main compounds were terpenes, fatty acids, enols, olefins and phenolic compounds, which shared 95.15% of the total liposol. constituents. The compound with the highest relatively content was spathulenol (22.07%), the second was palmitic acid with the content of 11.18%, and the third was selinene with the content of 9.20%. Their construction all contained unsaturated double bonds, which indicated that the petroleum extraction from the wild P. japonicus stem could had some physiol. activity. The petroleum extraction from the P. japonicus stem had good value on application and exploitation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine (cas: 28020-37-3SDS of cas: 28020-37-3).

3-Amino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine (cas: 28020-37-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.SDS of cas: 28020-37-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Arylation of enelactams using TIPSOTf: reaction scope and mechanistic insight was written by Idzik, Tomasz J.;Myk, Zofia M.;Struk, Lukasz;Peruzynska, Magdalena;Maciejewska, Gabriela;Drozdzik, Marek;Sosnicki, Jacek G.. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2021.Computed Properties of C11H9NO This article mentions the following:

A novel method for inter- and intramol. arylation of enelactams (3,4-dihydropyridin-2-ones), up to 99% yield, triggered by triisopropylsilyltrifluoromethanesulfonate (TIPSOTf) was proposed. It offered high synthetic usefulness, especially for synthesis of polycyclic systems, e.g., I obtained from conformationally rigid δ-enelactams, for which use of conventional method, involving cyclization by treatment with TfOH, failed. Multinuclear (¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁹F and ²⁹Si) NMR spectroscopy applied for reaction monitoring as well as DOSY NMR experiment permitted identification of intermediates and proposition of reaction mechanism. In process of checking scope of method application, condensed and bridged polycyclic piperidin-2-ones, including a derivative of alangiifoliumine A, were obtained. The inhibition of malignant melanoma A375 cell proliferation by some benzoquinolizidine derivatives (up to IC₅₀ = 5.3 ± 0.4μM) was evidenced. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Phenylpyridin-2-ol (cas: 76053-45-7Computed Properties of C11H9NO).

5-Phenylpyridin-2-ol (cas: 76053-45-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Computed Properties of C11H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Mn(III) active site in hydrotalcite efficiently catalyzes the oxidation of alkylarenes with molecular oxygen was written by Wang, Anwei;Zhou, WeiYou;Sun, Zhonghua;Zhang, Zhong;Zhang, Zhihui;He, MingYang;Chen, Qun. And the article was included in Molecular Catalysis in 2021.Reference of 91-02-1 This article mentions the following:

Developing efficient heterogeneous catalytic systems based on easily available materials and mol. oxygen for the selective oxidation of alkylarenes is highly desirable. In the present research, NiMn hydrotalcite (Ni₂Mn-LDH) was found as an efficient catalyst in the oxidation of alkylarenes using mol. oxygen as the sole oxidant without any additive. Impressive catalytic performance, excellent stability and recyclability, broad applicable scope and practical potential for the catalytic system were observed Mn³⁺ species is proposed to be the efficient active site, and Ni²⁺ played an important role in stabilizing the Mn³⁺ species in the hydrotalcite structure. The kinetic study showed that the aerobic oxidation of diphenylmethane is a first-order reaction over Ni₂Mn-LDH with the activation energy (E_a) and pre-exponential factor (A₀) being 85.7 kJ mol^-1 and 1.8 x 10⁹ min^-1, resp. The Gibbs free energy (ΔG^≠) is -10.4 kJ mol^-1 K^-1 for the oxidation based on Eyring-Polanyi equation, indicating the reaction is exergonic. The mechanism study indicated that the reaction proceeded through both radical and carbocation intermediates. The two species were then trapped by mol. oxygen and H₂O or hydroxyl species, resp., to yield the corresponding products. The present research might provide information for constructing highly efficient and stable active site for the catalytic aerobic oxidation based on available and economic material. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1Reference of 91-02-1).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Reference of 91-02-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Anthranil: An Aminating Reagent Leading to Bifunctionality for Both C(sp³)-H and C(sp²)-H under Rhodium(III) Catalysis was written by Yu, Songjie;Tang, Guodong;Li, Yingzi;Zhou, Xukai;Lan, Yu;Li, Xingwei. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2016.Reference of 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

Previous direct C-H nitrogenation suffered from simple amidation/amination with limited atom-economy and is mostly limited to C(sp²)-H substrates. In this work, anthranil was designed as a novel bifunctional aminating reagent for both C(sp²)-H and C(sp³)-H bonds under rhodium(III) catalysis, thus affording a nucleophilic aniline tethered to an electrophilic carbonyl, e. g., I. A tridendate rhodium(III) complex has been isolated as the resting state of the catalyst, and DFT studies established the intermediacy of a nitrene species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Reference of 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Reference of 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Steric activation in prototropic reactions of pyrazine derivatives. II. The Broensted relation was written by Nagarajan, K.;Lee, T. W. S.;Perkins, R. R.;Stewart, Ross. And the article was included in Canadian Journal of Chemistry in 1986.Recommanded Product: 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

The rate of deprotonation of the 2-Me group in 1,2,3-trimethylpyrazinium ion by RCO₂^–, aniline, and pyridine bases are determined in D₂O. RCO₂^– containing bulky groups near the reaction center (e.g., o-benzoates) react faster than predicted by the Broensted equation that correlates the reactions of unhindered RCO₂^–. Anilines and pyridines, on the other hand, show conventional steric effects. A tentative explanation for the activation engendered by groups adjacent to the carboxylate center is based on the known effect that high concentrations of organic electrolytes have on the strengths of RCO₂H but not of amines. Since ortho carboxylate ions have their relative basicities increased by an alkyl-rich environment, it is argued that the reactive Me groups of the substrate might provide such an interaction in the transition state. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Recommanded Product: 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Recommanded Product: 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Selective C-H Acetoxylation and Hydroxylation Reactions was written by Wu, Yunxiang;Zhou, Bing. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2017.Safety of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine This article mentions the following:

An efficient Cp^*Rh(III)-catalyzed, chelation-assisted C(sp²)-H acetoxylation and hydroxylation reaction has been developed for the first time. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and allows for selective preparation of C-H acetoxylation and hydroxylation products, thus providing a good complement to previous C-H oxygenation reactions and expanding the field of Cp^*Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H functionalizations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Safety of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Safety of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

“Pocket dendrimers” as nanoscale receptors for bimolecular guest accommodation was written by Shinoda, Satoshi;Ohashi, Masakazu;Tsukube, Hiroshi. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2007.Application of 1075-62-3 This article mentions the following:

A series of dendrimer receptors was prepared by combining a (tetraphenylporphinato)zinc(II) core and benzyl ether type dendritic substituents. Since one direction of the (tetraphenylporphinato)zinc(II) was not substituted by a dendritic residue, the resulting unsym. dendrimers have “pockets” available for access of external substrates. Mol. modeling, NMR measurements, and zinc-coordination experiments revealed that the third-generation dendrimer of this type exhibited characteristic inclusion of coordinative pyridine guests. When diamidopyridine moiety was introduced into the dendrimer pocket, a thymine derivative was bound through complementary hydrogen bonding. Two different kinds of substrates, pyridine and thymine derivatives, were simultaneously accommodated in the nanoscale pocket and bimol. guest accommodation was realized with the designed dendrimer receptor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3Application of 1075-62-3).

N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application of 1075-62-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Structure-activity studies related to ABT-594, a potent nonopioid analgesic agent: effect of pyridine and azetidine ring substitutions on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding affinity and analgesic activity in mice was written by Holladay, Mark W.;Bai, Hao;Li, Yihong;Lin, Nan-Horng;Daanen, Jerome F.;Ryther, Keith B.;Wasicak, James T.;Kincaid, John F.;He, Yun;Hettinger, Anne-Marie;Huang, Peggy;Anderson, David J.;Bannon, Anthony W.;Buckley, Michael J.;Campbell, Jeffrey E.;Donnelly-Roberts, Diana L.;Gunther, Karen L.;Kim, David J. B.;Kuntzweiler, Theresa A.;Sullivan, James P.;Decker, Michael W.;Arneric, Stephen P.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 1998.COA of Formula: C6H6ClNO This article mentions the following:

Analogs of A-98593 (I) and its enantiomer ABT-594 (II) with diverse substituents on the pyridine ring were prepared and tested for affinity to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding sites in rat brain and for analgesic activity in the mouse hot plate assay. Numerous types of modifications were consistent with high affinity for [³H]cytisine binding sites. By contrast, only selected modifications resulted in retention of analgesic potency in the same range as I and II. Analogs of II with one or two Me substituents at the 3-position of the azetidine ring also were prepared and substantially less active in both assays. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Chloro-2-methylpyridin-3-ol (cas: 218770-02-6COA of Formula: C6H6ClNO).

6-Chloro-2-methylpyridin-3-ol (cas: 218770-02-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.COA of Formula: C6H6ClNO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ligand-Enabled Regioselectivity in the Oxidative Cross-coupling of Arenes with Toluenes and Cycloalkanes Using Ruthenium Catalysts: Tuning the Site-Selectivity from the ortho to meta Positions was written by Li, Guobao;Li, Dongze;Zhang, Jingyu;Shi, Da-Qing;Zhao, Yingsheng. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2017.SDS of cas: 4373-61-9 This article mentions the following:

A Ru-catalyzed 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diyl hydrogen phosphate (BNDHP)-enabled meta C-H benzylation under the assistance of ferrocene using less sterically hindered toluene derivatives as the coupling partners has been developed. Various arenes bearing pyridyl, pyridmidyl, and pyrazolyl directing groups can be selectively coupled with toluenes at the meta positions in moderate to good yield. A mechanistic study clearly showed the site selectivity at the ortho or meta position is completely controlled by the ligand of BNDHP and the catalyst precursor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9SDS of cas: 4373-61-9).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.SDS of cas: 4373-61-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem