Tag: 100-200

Aryl and Arylalkyl Substituted 3-Hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones: Synthesis and Evaluation as Inhibitors of Influenza A Endonuclease was written by Sagong, Hye Yeon;Bauman, Joseph D.;Nogales, Aitor;Martinez-Sobrido, Luis;Arnold, Eddy;LaVoie, Edmond J.. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2019.Synthetic Route of C5H4BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

Seasonal influenza infections are associated with an estimated 250,00-500,000 deaths annually. Resistance to the antiviral M2 ion-channel inhibitors has largely invalidated their clin. utility. Resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors has also been observed in several influenza A virus (IAV) strains. These data have prompted research on inhibitors that target the cap-snatching endonuclease activity of the polymerase acidic protein (PA). Baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza), recently approved for clin. use, inhibits cap-snatching endonuclease. Resistance to Xofluza has been reported in both in vitro systems and in the clinic. An x-ray crystallog. screening campaign of a fragment library targeting IAV endonuclease identified 5-chloro-3-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-one as a bimetal chelating agent at the active site. We have reported the structure-activity relationships for 3-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones and 3-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones as endonuclease inhibitors. These studies identified two distinct binding modes associated with inhibition of this enzyme that are influenced by the presence of substituents at the 5- and 6-positions of 3-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones. Herein we report the structure-activity relationships associated with various para-substituted 5-Ph derivatives of 6-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones (I) and the effect of using naphthyl, benzyl, and naphthylmethyl groups as alternatives to the p-fluorophenyl substituent on their activity as endonuclease inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromopyridine-2,3-diol (cas: 34206-49-0Synthetic Route of C5H4BrNO2).

5-Bromopyridine-2,3-diol (cas: 34206-49-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Synthetic Route of C5H4BrNO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Study and comparison of detection methods for prochloraz and its metabolite residue in garlic bolting was written by Chen, Keyun;Li, Ling;Ju, Xiang;Wang, Yanli;Liu, Yanming. And the article was included in Sepu in 2020.Application of 628-13-7 This article mentions the following:

Two anal. methods for the determination of prochloraz and its metabolite residues in garlic bolting were established and compared. In the QuEChERS method, the sample was extracted with acetonitrile and purified in a QuEChERS purification tube, and then, the contents of prochloraz and its metabolite 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were determined by gas chromatog. The hydrolysis method involved extraction of the sample with acetonitrile, hydrolysis by pyridine hydrochloride, purification with sulfuric acid, and determination of the prochloraz content by gas chromatog. The standard curve in the hydrolysis and QuEChERS methods showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.01-2 mg/L, and the correlation coefficient (r²) was greater than 0.999. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for prochloraz in the hydrolysis method was 0.005 mg/kg. The LOQ for prochloraz in the QuEChERS method was 0.039 mg/kg, and that for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was 0.003 mg/kg. At three spiked levels in the sample, the recoveries were 81.5%-105.4%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 1.3%-6.8%. In the determination of pos. samples, the hydrolysis method can detect the total amount of prochloraz and its main metabolites. QuEChERS method can detect the presence and contents of prochloraz and its main metabolite 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. These two methods can complement each other for the detection and confirmation of prochloraz and its metabolites in garlic bolting. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Application of 628-13-7).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application of 628-13-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective C-H Amination of Phenol Derivatives with Assistance of Phenanthroline-Based Bidentate Auxiliary was written by Takamatsu, Kazutaka;Hayashi, Yoshihiro;Kawauchi, Susumu;Hirano, Koji;Miura, Masahiro. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2019.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

In the presence of copper(II) pivalate, aryloxyphenanthrolines such as I underwent chemoselective and regioselective aerobic oxidative amination with diarylamines such as R₂NH (R = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-IC₆H₄, 4-PhC₆H₄, 3-MeC₆H₄) and secondary arylamines to yield diaminoaryloxyphenanthrolines such as II (R = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-IC₆H₄, 4-PhC₆H₄, 3-MeC₆H₄). The phenanthroline moiety was cleaved to yield bis(diarylamino)phenols and a phenanthrolinone with KOt-Bu at 125°; the phenanthrolinone was recycled to 2-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline, the reactant for the preparation of the aryloxyphenanthroline reactants. The mechanism of the reaction was studied using deuterium labeling and kinetic isotope effect experiments and DFT calculations of potential reaction mechanisms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Category: pyridine-derivatives).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Assembling Ordered Crystals with Disperse Building Blocks was written by Santos, Peter J.;Cheung, Tung Chun;MacFarlane, Robert J.. And the article was included in Nano Letters in 2019.Application of 1075-62-3 This article mentions the following:

Conventional colloidal crystallization techniques typically require low dispersity building blocks in order to make ordered particle arrays, resulting in a practical challenge for studying or scaling these materials. Nanoparticles covered in a polymer brush therefore may be predicted to be challenging building blocks in the formation of high-quality particle superlattices, as both the nanoparticle core and polymer brush are independent sources of dispersity in the system. However, when supramol. bonding between complementary functional groups at the ends of the polymer chains are used to drive particle assembly, these “nanocomposite tectons” can make high quality superlattices with polymer dispersities as large as 1.44 and particle diameter relative standard deviations up to 23% without any significant change to superlattice crystallinity. Here we demonstrate and explain how the flexible and dynamic nature of the polymer chains that comprise the particle brush allows them to deform to accommodate the irregularities in building block size and shape that arise from the inherent dispersity of their constituent components. Incorporating “soft” components into nanomaterials design therefore offers a facile and robust method for maintaining good control over organization when the materials themselves are imperfect. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3Application of 1075-62-3).

N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Application of 1075-62-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Preparation of new nitrogen-bridged heterocycles. 72. A new approach to 1-acyl-3-(substituted methylthio)thieno[3′,4′:4,5]imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives [Erratum to document cited in CA154:284193] was written by Anonymous. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2010.Application of 17281-59-3 This article mentions the following:

On page 1502 the title contains an error; the correct title is given. On page 1509 in the right column, lines 3,8 and 7 and in the left column, lines 8 and 7, imidazo[1,5-α]pyridine is incorrect; the correction is given. On page 1510 in the left column, lines 3 and 17, imidazo[1,5-α]pyridine is incorrect; the correction is given. On page 1510, a reference should be added; the reference is given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3Application of 17281-59-3).

1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Application of 17281-59-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ru(II)-Catalyzed Direct C(sp²)-H Activation/Selenylation of Arenes with Selenyl Chlorides was written by Shu, Shiqi;Fan, Zhoulong;Yao, Qizheng;Zhang, Ao. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2016.Electric Literature of C11H9NO This article mentions the following:

A new ruthenium catalytic system was developed for the construction of a C(sp²)-Se bond with the assistance of directing groups. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, wider substrate scope, and convenient late-stage selenylation of bioactive mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Electric Literature of C11H9NO).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Electric Literature of C11H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Efficient catalytic reduction of nitroaromatics by recyclable 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline nanotubes decorated with NiFe₂O₄ nanorods was written by Sypu, Venkata Satyanarayana;Kera, Nazia H.;Bhaumik, Madhumita;Raju, Kumar;Maity, Arjun. And the article was included in Materials Today Communications in 2021.Name: 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine This article mentions the following:

A hybrid nanostructure comprising NiFe₂O₄ nanorods and 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (2-NSA) doped polyaniline nanotubes (NiFe₂O₄@PANI/NSA) has been explored as an efficient catalyst for the reduction of nitroaroms. in the aqueous medium. The obtained NiFe₂O₄@PANI/NSA nanocomposites (NCs) were characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, TGA, FT-IR, BET, and XPS, and their catalytic efficiencies were investigated for the reduction of nitroarenes with 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) being used as a model nitroarene. NiFe₂O₄@PANI/NSA exhibited excellent catalytic activity with a rate constant of 0.00557 s^-1 and excellent recyclability, with the identical activity being retained after 15 successive runs. The mechanism of the reaction was proposed based on the kinetics results using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The activation energy (E_a) was calculated to be 30 kJ/mol^-1 for 4-NP reduction In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2Name: 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine).

3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Name: 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Aryne Trifunctionalization Enabled by 3-Silylaryne as a 1,2-Benzdiyne Equivalent was written by Lv, Chunjie;Wan, Caiwen;Liu, Song;Lan, Yu;Li, Yang. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Reference of 3718-65-8 This article mentions the following:

An unprecedented aryne 1,2,3-trifunctionalization protocol from 2,6-bis(silyl)aryl triflates was developed under transition-metal-free conditions. The reaction of generated 3-silylaryne with both pyridine N-oxide and N-hydroxylamide afforded o-silyl triflate/tosylate in a one-pot transformation, allowing the formation of 2,3-aryne precursors with various vicinal pyridinyl/amido substituents. These pyridinyl-substituted 2,3-aryne intermediates exhibit a broad scope of reactivity with diverse arynophiles in good yields and high selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8Reference of 3718-65-8).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Reference of 3718-65-8

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Platinum-Catalyzed Double Acylation of 2-(Aryloxy)pyridines via Direct C-H Activation was written by McAteer, Donald C.;Javed, Erman;Huo, Lily;Huo, Shouquan. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 2-Phenoxypyridine This article mentions the following:

A unique, platinum-catalyzed, direct C-H acylation of 2-(aryloxy)pyridines with acyl chlorides is discovered. The reaction requires neither an oxidant nor other additives. When both ortho positions of the aryl group are accessible, the double acylation occurs readily to produce the diacylated products. Aliphatic, aromatic, and α,β-unsaturated acyl groups can all be introduced. The acylation reaction may proceed through an analogous aromatic electrophilic substitution triggered by the nucleophilic attack of the platinum at the acyl chloride. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Application In Synthesis of 2-Phenoxypyridine).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Application In Synthesis of 2-Phenoxypyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Dictating Nanoparticle Assembly via Systems-Level Control of Molecular Multivalency was written by Santos, Peter J.;Cao, Zhen;Zhang, Jianyuan;Alexander-Katz, Alfredo;Macfarlane, Robert J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

Nanoparticle assembly can be controlled by multivalent binding interactions between surface ligands, indicating that more precise control over these interactions is important to design complex nanoscale architectures. It has been well-established in natural materials that the arrangement of different mol. species in three dimensions can affect the ability of individual supramol. units to coordinate their binding, thereby regulating the strength and specificity of their collective mol. interactions. However, in artificial systems, limited examples exist that quant. demonstrate how changes in nanoscale geometry can be used to rationally modulate the thermodn. of individual mol. binding interactions. As a result, the use of nanoscale design features to regulate mol. bonding remains an underutilized design handle to control nanomaterials synthesis. Here we demonstrate a polymer-coated nanoparticle material where supramol. bonding and nanoscale structure are used in conjunction to dictate the thermodn. of their multivalent interactions, resulting in emergent bundling of supramol. binding groups that would not be expected on the basis of the mol. structures alone. Addnl., we show that these emergent phenomena can controllably alter the superlattice symmetry by using the mesoscale particle arrangement to alter the thermodn. of the supramol. bonding behavior. The ability to rationally program mol. multivalency via a systems-level approach therefore provides a major step forward in the assembly of complex artificial structures, with implications for future designs of both nanoparticle- and supramol.-based materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3Category: pyridine-derivatives).

N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem