Reference of 4-CyanopyridineIn 2021 ,ãTransition metal-free NaOH-catalyzed hydration of nitriles to primary amides in NH3·H2O-DMSO mixtureã?appeared in Molecular Diversity. The author of the article were Wang, Nan; Ma, Peilong; Xie, Jianwei; Zhang, Jie. The article conveys some information:
An efficient protocol for hydration of aryl(hetero)/alkyl nitriles RCN (R = Bu, cyclohexyl, thiophen-2-yl, 4-chlorophenyl, etc.) toward primary amides RC(O)NH2 with 0.1 equivalent was reported. NaOH in NH3·H2O-DMSO under mild conditions is used. Various substituted nitriles are smoothly converted to the corresponding amides with good to excellent isolated yields. Gram-scale reactions were also performed to produce the desired products in high yields. In addition, the excessive hydrolysis of the benzonitrile to form benzoic acid was also achieved with increasing the amount of NaOH and prolonging the reaction time. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1Reference of 4-Cyanopyridine)
4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1) belongs to pyridine. The basicity and metallophilic high donor number of these π-deficient systems has long favored them as ligands in metal catalysis. The last decade saw pyridine assume a stronger role as functional group for directed C–H oxidation/activation.Reference of 4-Cyanopyridine